Washington is reviewing its policy in the Horn of Africa... Is a new chapter with Eritrea approaching?

Written by Amina Hassan

The corridors of power in the United States are witnessing advanced discussions about normalizing relations with EritreaWith the possibility of easing or lifting the sanctions imposed on Asmara for years being explored, the potential move is one of the most prominent shifts in the American approach towards the Horn of Africa, and reflects a new strategic reading of the security variables in the Red Sea and its vital corridors.

High-level communications and back channels

Diplomatic reports speak of undisclosed contacts that took place with the leadership. Eritrean  Led by President Isaias Afwerki, the meetings were facilitated by American envoys, including Massoud Boulos. Reports indicate that some of these meetings were coordinated through regional mediation in Cairo, with the aim of resetting relations and opening a gradual diplomatic track that could lead to a review of the sanctions regime.

The Red Sea is at the heart of the calculations

The most prominent motive for this movement is related to the escalating threats to international navigation near the Bab al-Mandab Strait and along the Red Sea, especially with the Houthi group’s actions that have disrupted global trade routes.

Eritrea’s long coastline gives Asmara a unique geopolitical position, making it a potential partner in any maritime security arrangements that Washington seeks to build or support in the region.

From rupture to pragmatism

Relations between the two countries have been held hostage for years by human rights issues and Eritrea’s political isolation, but the new American approach appears more pragmatic, focusing on security interests and regional stability, while trying to open channels of communication that allow for gradual changes instead of continuing with a complete break.

Sanctions under review, no final decision.

Despite the diplomatic momentum, the file is still under study and has not yet been turned into an official decision. Any easing of sanctions will be subject to legal and political reviews within Washington, and will also take into account complex regional balances and the sensitivity of the human rights and freedoms file in Eritrea.

Scenarios for the next phase

Observers believe that the success of this approach could open a new chapter in Washington’s relationship with countries previously described as «isolated,» through an approach based on containment and engagement rather than just pressure. On the other hand, others warn that ignoring internal reforms could undermine any long-term rapprochement.

In conclusion, Eritrea today appears to be at the heart of the Red Sea security equation, while Washington weighs its steps between political realism and the requirements of the values it claims to defend.