{"id":8308,"date":"2026-05-13T23:04:45","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T21:04:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=8308"},"modified":"2026-05-13T23:04:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T21:04:45","slug":"%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"Rapport : Les promesses de Macron au sommet de Nairobi sont insuffisantes\u00a0 \u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par Ziad Abdel Fattah :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Par ailleurs, le pr\u00e9sident fran\u00e7ais Emmanuel Macron a annonc\u00e9 lors du sommet de nouveaux investissements d'une valeur de 27 milliards de dollars. France<\/a> L'Afrique est \u00e0 Nairobi cette semaine, mais selon des m\u00e9dias am\u00e9ricains, ses promesses ne suffisent pas \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre aux besoins d'un continent accabl\u00e9 par la dette.<\/p>\n

Selon Reuters, les promesses du pr\u00e9sident, faites lors d'une course avec la star k\u00e9nyane du marathon Eliud Kipchoge et d'une discussion avec des \u00e9tudiants d'universit\u00e9 locaux, de soutenir les \u00e9conomies africaines lourdement endett\u00e9es et de promouvoir une r\u00e9forme du syst\u00e8me financier international en introduisant un m\u00e9canisme de garantie de premi\u00e8re perte, n'ont pas suffi \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 des besoins tels que l'all\u00e8gement de la dette et les reports de paiement, ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 des analystes.<\/p>\n

La \u201c garantie de premi\u00e8re perte \u201d vise \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les risques et \u00e0 inciter les investisseurs \u00e0 s'engager dans des projets ou des march\u00e9s \u00e0 haut risque (comme les \u00e9conomies \u00e9mergentes d'Afrique). Il s'agit d'un m\u00e9canisme par lequel une partie supporte les pertes initiales de l'investissement, afin de rendre les projets plus attractifs pour les investisseurs priv\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Le m\u00e9canisme de garantie des risques s'inscrit dans un effort plus large visant \u00e0 mobiliser des capitaux alors que les gouvernements riches r\u00e9orientent leurs d\u00e9penses du financement du d\u00e9veloppement vers la d\u00e9fense et d'autres priorit\u00e9s nationales.<\/p>\n

La France aurait pu prendre de nouveaux engagements.<\/h2>\n
\"\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629
Un jogging matinal \u00e0 Nairobi r\u00e9unit le coureur kenyan Eliud Kipchoge et Macron.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Selon un rapport de Reuters, \u201c la France aurait pu prendre un large \u00e9ventail de nouveaux engagements qui auraient contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 modifier l\u2019architecture financi\u00e8re internationale\u2026 Mais ceux qu\u2019elle a choisis, m\u00eame s\u2019ils sont cr\u00e9dibles\u2026 ne feront que maintenir la structure en l\u2019\u00e9tat. \u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201c Nous devons am\u00e9liorer le fonctionnement du syst\u00e8me de financement du d\u00e9veloppement international, veiller \u00e0 une meilleure coordination et r\u00e9duire sa complexit\u00e9 pour les pays b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires \u201d, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 mercredi \u00e0 Paris un responsable du minist\u00e8re fran\u00e7ais des Finances.<\/p>\n

\u201c Les pays et les institutions financi\u00e8res internationales peuvent garantir les pr\u00eats obtenus par les pays les plus pauvres ou en d\u00e9veloppement pour financer des projets. \u201d<\/p>\n

Appels \u00e0 l'all\u00e8gement de la dette<\/h2>\n

Des dirigeants africains, comme le Kenyan William Ruto, qui a copr\u00e9sid\u00e9 le sommet avec Macron, ont plaid\u00e9 pour une r\u00e9vision des m\u00e9thodes de notation de cr\u00e9dit afin de r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts d'emprunt, arguant que les risques auxquels l'Afrique est confront\u00e9e sont exag\u00e9r\u00e9s. Les principales agences de notation ont rejet\u00e9 ces critiques.<\/p>\n

D'autres propositions africaines incluent l'all\u00e8gement du fardeau de la dette pesant sur les pays pauvres, tandis qu'un groupe d'experts africains form\u00e9 par l'Afrique du Sud l'ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re a exhort\u00e9 les pays riches et les institutions financi\u00e8res internationales \u00e0 cr\u00e9er un m\u00e9canisme de refinancement de la dette.<\/p>\n

Macron, qui assure la pr\u00e9sidence du G7, a invit\u00e9 Rutte \u00e0 participer \u00e0 son sommet le mois prochain, o\u00f9 seront discut\u00e9s les m\u00e9canismes de gestion des risques.<\/p>\n

Des militants insistent sur le fait que cela ne suffira pas et que la France doit utiliser son influence politique consid\u00e9rable sur les questions de dette souveraine internationale pour demander l'annulation des dettes des pays du Sud qui en font la demande, selon une d\u00e9claration commune de six organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, dont l'African Forum, le R\u00e9seau Dette et D\u00e9veloppement (Afrodad) et Oxfam France.<\/p>\n

Paris a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ce sommet \u2013 le premier \u00e0 se tenir dans un pays non francophone \u2013 comme la preuve d'un engagement renouvel\u00e9 envers l'Afrique suite aux tensions avec certaines anciennes colonies d'Afrique de l'Ouest.<\/p>\n

Plus de 30 dirigeants africains \u00e9taient pr\u00e9sents, ainsi que des hommes d'affaires africains et fran\u00e7ais.<\/p>\n

Alors que la France s'efforce de se pr\u00e9senter comme un partenaire plus \u00e9galitaire et respect\u00e9, ce sommet refl\u00e9tait \u00e9galement un effort plus large de la part d'une ancienne puissance coloniale pour rester pertinente sur le plan \u00e9conomique et politique sur le continent, selon Gervin Naidoo, analyste politique chez Oxford Economics.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":7666,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,34,217],"tags":[73,713,3131,3038,191,1949],"class_list":["post-8308","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africanews","category-africa-business","category-slider","tag-73","tag-713","tag-3131","tag-3038","tag-191","tag-1949"],"yoast_head":"\n\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631: \u062a\u0639\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u00a0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 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