{"id":7831,"date":"2026-05-11T18:16:54","date_gmt":"2026-05-11T16:16:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=7831"},"modified":"2026-05-11T19:11:32","modified_gmt":"2026-05-11T17:11:32","slug":"%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7-%d9%88%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%84-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7-%d9%88%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%84-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%a9-%d9%81\/","title":{"rendered":"France et Afrique : le soft power parviendra-t-il \u00e0 restaurer l'influence ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par : Hussein Ahmed<\/h3>\n

Le pr\u00e9sident fran\u00e7ais Emmanuel Macron cherche Macron<\/a> Reformuler la relation entre la France et l\u2019Afrique, \u00e0 travers une nouvelle strat\u00e9gie fond\u00e9e sur la r\u00e9duction de l\u2019h\u00e9ritage colonial traditionnel et le renforcement des instruments du soft power, \u00e0 l\u2019heure o\u00f9 la concurrence internationale pour l\u2019influence sur le continent africain s\u2019intensifie.<\/p>\n

Les efforts de Macron sont actuellement concentr\u00e9s sur sa participation au prochain sommet franco-africain qui se tiendra dans la capitale k\u00e9nyane, Nairobi, en pr\u00e9sence de dirigeants africains et d'institutions \u00e9conomiques et r\u00e9gionales de tout le continent.<\/p>\n

L'influence fran\u00e7aise en Afrique : entre retrait militaire et mont\u00e9e du soft power<\/h1>\n

 <\/p>\n

Depuis son arriv\u00e9e au palais de l'\u00c9lys\u00e9e en 2017, Macron a tent\u00e9 de se pr\u00e9senter comme un pr\u00e9sident porteur d'une vision diff\u00e9rente des relations franco-africaines, fond\u00e9e sur un partenariat \u00e9quilibr\u00e9 plut\u00f4t que sur l'h\u00e9g\u00e9monie politique et militaire qui a historiquement \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9e \u00e0 l'influence fran\u00e7aise sur le continent, notamment dans les pays francophones d'Afrique de l'Ouest et centrale.<\/p>\n

Macron a reconnu \u00e0 plusieurs reprises les erreurs de l'\u00e8re coloniale, appelant \u00e0 un nouveau chapitre avec les nations africaines, fond\u00e9 sur le respect mutuel et la coop\u00e9ration \u00e9conomique et culturelle. Il a \u00e9galement souhait\u00e9 restructurer la pr\u00e9sence militaire fran\u00e7aise sur le continent, soulignant que Paris ne souhaite plus exercer son influence par la force militaire directe.<\/p>\n

Cependant, l\u2019\u00e9volution rapide de la situation politique et s\u00e9curitaire dans la r\u00e9gion du Sahel a constitu\u00e9 un d\u00e9fi majeur pour la nouvelle politique fran\u00e7aise, car des pays comme le Mali, le Niger et le Burkina Faso ont \u00e9t\u00e9 le th\u00e9\u00e2tre de coups d\u2019\u00c9tat militaires successifs, accompagn\u00e9s de vagues croissantes de col\u00e8re populaire contre la pr\u00e9sence fran\u00e7aise et d\u2019accusations port\u00e9es contre Paris pour son incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 lutter contre le terrorisme et pour son ing\u00e9rence dans les affaires int\u00e9rieures des pays africains.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9clin de sa pr\u00e9sence militaire pousse la France \u00e0 renforcer son influence culturelle et \u00e9conomique en Afrique.<\/h1>\n

L'influence fran\u00e7aise a subi des revers successifs apr\u00e8s que Paris a \u00e9t\u00e9 contraint de retirer ses forces du Mali, puis du Niger, suite \u00e0 la fin de la coop\u00e9ration en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9fense avec les nouvelles autorit\u00e9s militaires locales.<\/p>\n

La popularit\u00e9 de la France a \u00e9galement d\u00e9clin\u00e9 dans plusieurs pays africains au profit de puissances internationales rivales, notamment la Russie et la Chine, qui ont renforc\u00e9 leur pr\u00e9sence par le biais d'investissements \u00e9conomiques, de coop\u00e9ration militaire et de projets d'infrastructure.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Face \u00e0 ce d\u00e9clin, Paris s'est tourn\u00e9e vers le renforcement de son influence douce pour maintenir sa pr\u00e9sence sur le continent. La langue fran\u00e7aise est un atout majeur, l'Afrique abritant la plus forte concentration de francophones au monde.<\/p>\n

Parall\u00e8lement, la France s'appuie sur des institutions \u00e9ducatives et culturelles, telles que les instituts fran\u00e7ais et les programmes de bourses, pour promouvoir son influence culturelle aupr\u00e8s des jeunes g\u00e9n\u00e9rations africaines.<\/p>\n

La France s\u2019emploie \u00e9galement \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper ses partenariats \u00e9conomiques avec les pays africains, notamment dans les domaines de l\u2019\u00e9nergie, des infrastructures, des technologies et de la transformation num\u00e9rique, en plus de soutenir les entrepreneurs et les start-ups.<\/p>\n

Par ailleurs, Paris compte \u00e9galement sur une coop\u00e9ration en mati\u00e8re de climat, de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et de d\u00e9veloppement durable, des questions de plus en plus prioritaires pour les gouvernements africains.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Le prochain sommet franco-africain de Nairobi intervient dans un contexte de transformations majeures, alors que Paris cherche \u00e0 r\u00e9tablir la confiance de ses partenaires africains et \u00e0 se repositionner dans un paysage r\u00e9gional en pleine mutation.<\/p>\n

Le sommet devrait porter sur les questions d'investissement, de d\u00e9veloppement, de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de changement climatique, ainsi que sur l'avenir des relations politiques et \u00e9conomiques entre la France et le continent africain.<\/p>\n

Les observateurs estiment que le succ\u00e8s de Macron dans la reconstruction de l'influence fran\u00e7aise en Afrique d\u00e9pendra largement de la capacit\u00e9 de Paris \u00e0 passer de la rh\u00e9torique politique \u00e0 des partenariats concrets permettant d'atteindre des int\u00e9r\u00eats mutuels, \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 le continent africain est devenu un terrain d'affrontement ouvert entre les grandes puissances internationales.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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