{"id":5952,"date":"2026-05-02T11:00:32","date_gmt":"2026-05-02T09:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=5952"},"modified":"2026-05-02T11:00:32","modified_gmt":"2026-05-02T09:00:32","slug":"%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"Le secteur touristique florissant de l'Afrique de l'Est menac\u00e9 par la crise du k\u00e9ros\u00e8ne"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les prix du k\u00e9ros\u00e8ne ont fortement augment\u00e9 entre f\u00e9vrier et avril 2026 suite \u00e0 des perturbations de l'approvisionnement li\u00e9es aux tensions g\u00e9opolitiques. Le Moyen-Orient<\/a>Cela a entra\u00een\u00e9 un r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement des march\u00e9s mondiaux du k\u00e9ros\u00e8ne et une augmentation des co\u00fbts dans les \u00e9conomies africaines d\u00e9pendantes des importations.<\/p>\n

Selon les rapports, environ 701 TP3 T des importations africaines de k\u00e9ros\u00e8ne transitent par le d\u00e9troit d'Ormuz, exposant le continent \u00e0 des chocs externes dans les cha\u00eenes d'approvisionnement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mondiales et \u00e0 une transmission rapide des prix aux march\u00e9s locaux de l'aviation.<\/p>\n

Au Kenya, le prix du k\u00e9ros\u00e8ne est pass\u00e9 de 0,74 $ \u00e0 1,40 $ le litre en quelques mois, obligeant les compagnies a\u00e9riennes \u00e0 adapter leurs op\u00e9rations face \u00e0 la hausse des co\u00fbts de production.<\/p>\n

R\u00e9duction des co\u00fbts dans le secteur de l'aviation<\/h2>\n

Kenya Airways a r\u00e9duit ses vols vers le Moyen-Orient de 20% \u00e0 30%, tout en augmentant la taille des avions sur les routes restantes pour maintenir le nombre de passagers.<\/p>\n

Parall\u00e8lement, Turkish Airlines a suspendu ou annul\u00e9 10 destinations africaines dans le cadre d'un examen complet de son programme de vols pour l'\u00e9t\u00e9 2026, tandis qu'Air France-KLM a augment\u00e9 les prix de ses vols long-courriers et que Lufthansa a supprim\u00e9 des milliers de vols dans le monde entier, refl\u00e9tant des efforts plus larges pour r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts dans le secteur de l'aviation.<\/p>\n

Le carburant reste l'un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de co\u00fbt les plus importants dans l'\u00e9conomie des compagnies a\u00e9riennes, repr\u00e9sentant entre 301 TP3T et 401 TP3T des d\u00e9penses d'exploitation sur les march\u00e9s africains, et atteignant 551 TP3T pour les compagnies a\u00e9riennes \u00e0 bas prix.<\/p>\n

Face \u00e0 ce niveau de risque, les compagnies a\u00e9riennes ont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement recours \u00e0 trois m\u00e9canismes de r\u00e9ponse\u00a0: l\u2019augmentation des prix des billets, la r\u00e9duction du nombre de vols ou l\u2019abandon des lignes les moins rentables. En pratique, ces trois ajustements interviennent simultan\u00e9ment, restreignant davantage l\u2019acc\u00e8s a\u00e9rien \u00e0 l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est et \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de celle-ci.<\/p>\n

Ce changement intervient \u00e0 un moment d\u00e9licat pour le secteur touristique de la r\u00e9gion, qui peine \u00e0 renouer avec une croissance durable apr\u00e8s le choc de la pand\u00e9mie de coronavirus.<\/p>\n

Au Kenya, le nombre d'arriv\u00e9es internationales est pass\u00e9 d'environ 2,05 millions en 2019 \u00e0 568\u00a0000 en 2020, avant de remonter \u00e0 environ 2,7 millions en 2025.<\/p>\n

Au niveau r\u00e9gional, des sch\u00e9mas de reprise similaires se dessinent, soutenus par le d\u00e9veloppement des infrastructures touristiques et les strat\u00e9gies d'investissement dans les destinations touristiques.<\/p>\n

La Tanzanie a enregistr\u00e9 environ 5,36 millions de touristes en 2024, tandis que l'Ouganda a accueilli environ 1,6 million de touristes en 2025, se rapprochant ainsi des niveaux d'avant la pand\u00e9mie.<\/p>\n

Ces gains ont \u00e9t\u00e9 stimul\u00e9s par les projets d'expansion a\u00e9roportuaire et le d\u00e9veloppement des capacit\u00e9s touristiques, notamment le d\u00e9veloppement de l'a\u00e9roport international de Kilimandjaro et de l'a\u00e9roport de Zanzibar en Tanzanie, et de l'a\u00e9roport international de Bugesera au Rwanda, ainsi que par des investissements plus importants dans le secteur des transports en pr\u00e9paration de la Coupe d'Afrique des Nations 2027 en Ouganda.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Crise actuelle des carburants<\/h3>\n

Cependant, la crise actuelle des carburants a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 red\u00e9finir la trajectoire de reprise du secteur a\u00e9rien. Face \u00e0 la pression croissante sur les co\u00fbts, les compagnies a\u00e9riennes cherchent \u00e0 optimiser leurs r\u00e9seaux et concentrent davantage de capacit\u00e9s sur les lignes les plus rentables, tandis que les destinations africaines moins rentables et moins fr\u00e9quent\u00e9es voient leurs fr\u00e9quences de vols r\u00e9duites, voire totalement suspendues.<\/p>\n

Les points d'acc\u00e8s secondaires qui d\u00e9pendent de lignes de connexion stables sont plus vuln\u00e9rables, car la r\u00e9duction des services affecte directement les safaris, les flux touristiques c\u00f4tiers et les forfaits de voyage r\u00e9gionaux.<\/p>\n

L'impact est aggrav\u00e9 par le calendrier. Selon les estimations de la Banque mondiale, les saisons touristiques de mi-ann\u00e9e repr\u00e9sentent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une part importante des arriv\u00e9es annuelles en Afrique de l'Est. Par cons\u00e9quent, toute r\u00e9duction de la disponibilit\u00e9 des si\u00e8ges pendant cette p\u00e9riode se traduit directement par une baisse du nombre de visiteurs, une diminution des taux d'occupation et une r\u00e9duction des recettes touristiques dans les secteurs de l'h\u00f4tellerie et des transports.<\/p>\n

La d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard des compagnies a\u00e9riennes \u00e9trang\u00e8res demeure un obstacle structurel \u00e0 la connexion de l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est par des vols long-courriers, limitant le contr\u00f4le de la r\u00e9gion sur les prix, la stabilit\u00e9 des itin\u00e9raires et la r\u00e9partition des capacit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Selon les rapports de l'Association internationale du transport a\u00e9rien (IATA) sur les perspectives du transport a\u00e9rien en Afrique, le trafic a\u00e9rien intercontinental vers les destinations africaines reste domin\u00e9 par les compagnies a\u00e9riennes non africaines, notamment sur les liaisons Europe-Afrique et Moyen-Orient-Afrique, renfor\u00e7ant ainsi le contr\u00f4le ext\u00e9rieur sur les principales portes d'entr\u00e9e touristiques.<\/p>\n

Dans ce contexte, les d\u00e9cisions relatives aux prix et aux capacit\u00e9s qui affectent le tourisme en Afrique de l'Est sont de plus en plus influenc\u00e9es par des facteurs externes, notamment par les compagnies a\u00e9riennes mondiales qui ajustent leurs itin\u00e9raires en fonction des co\u00fbts du carburant et des cycles de rentabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

La Banque mondiale a d\u00e9j\u00e0 constat\u00e9 que les restrictions de transport a\u00e9rien en Afrique r\u00e9duisent directement la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 du tourisme en augmentant les co\u00fbts de voyage et en diminuant l'\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 de la demande, notamment sur les march\u00e9s des voyages d'agr\u00e9ment long-courriers.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":5957,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[217,11],"tags":[2239,437,2007,472,320,2238],"class_list":["post-5952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-slider","category-tie-travel","tag-2239","tag-437","tag-2007","tag-472","tag-320","tag-2238"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0634\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 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