{"id":5071,"date":"2026-04-25T21:16:15","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T19:16:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=5071"},"modified":"2026-05-02T23:17:31","modified_gmt":"2026-05-02T21:17:31","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%b3%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%81%d8%b1%d8%ac-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%b2%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7-%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%b3%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%81%d8%b1%d8%ac-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%b2%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a3%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7-%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"Le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de division Samir Farag, dans une interview accord\u00e9e \u00e0 \u201c Zoom Africa News \u201d\u00a0: De l\u2019\u00e9pop\u00e9e d\u2019octobre \u00e0 la bataille de Taba\u2026 Le\u00e7ons de lib\u00e9ration et de construction de l\u2019avenir"},"content":{"rendered":"

Interview r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par : Mohamed Ragab<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00c9gypte c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aujourd\u2019hui un joyeux anniversaire\u00a0: la lib\u00e9ration de son territoire. \u00e9gyptien<\/a>La guerre d'Octobre, qui a incarn\u00e9 les plus grandes victoires de l'\u00c9gypte \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque moderne, n'est pas qu'un souvenir fugace, mais un moment charni\u00e8re de l'histoire nationale. Ce jour marque l'aboutissement d'une longue lutte qui a d\u00e9but\u00e9 avec la d\u00e9faite de juin 1967 et s'est poursuivie avec la victoire d'octobre 1973 et les n\u00e9gociations qui ont suivi, prouvant\u2026 Egypte<\/a> Sa force ne se limite pas aux armes, mais s'\u00e9tend \u00e0 la diplomatie et \u00e0 la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 internationale, jusqu'\u00e0 ce qu'elle remporte la victoire totale et reconqui\u00e8re chaque pouce de son territoire.<\/p>\n

Dans ce contexte, le site web \u201c Zoom Africa News \u201d a men\u00e9 une interview avec le major-g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Samir Farag, l'un des h\u00e9ros de la glorieuse guerre d'Octobre, afin de relater les d\u00e9tails de cette \u00e9pop\u00e9e et de la bataille diplomatique qui a suivi pour r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer les terres que l'occupation avait tent\u00e9 de s'emparer, mais auxquelles l'\u00c9gypte a r\u00e9sist\u00e9 fermement jusqu'\u00e0 remporter une victoire totale.<\/p>\n

Pour commencer, comment l'\u00c9gypte a-t-elle entam\u00e9 son processus de reconqu\u00eate de ses terres, de la d\u00e9faite de juin jusqu'\u00e0 la reprise de Taba ?<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les premiers pas de ce processus ont d\u00e9but\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9faite de juin 1967, lorsque Isra\u00ebl a occup\u00e9 toute la p\u00e9ninsule du Sina\u00ef. D\u00e8s lors, l'\u00c9gypte a men\u00e9 une guerre d'usure qui a dur\u00e9 environ six ans, durant laquelle elle est parvenue \u00e0 r\u00e9organiser et \u00e0 r\u00e9armer ses forces arm\u00e9es, \u00e0 \u00e9vacuer les villes du canal de Suez et \u00e0 construire le syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9fense antimissile qui assurait la protection des forces \u00e9gyptiennes.<\/p>\n

Le dixi\u00e8me jour du Ramadan, le d\u00e9funt pr\u00e9sident Mohamed Anouar el-Sadate prit sa d\u00e9cision historique de prendre d'assaut le canal de Suez et de d\u00e9truire la ligne Bar-Lev, permettant ainsi aux forces arm\u00e9es d'\u00e9tablir cinq t\u00eates de pont sur la rive orientale du canal.<\/p>\n

\"\u062d\u0631\u0628
Guerre d'Octobre<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Avec la cessation des combats le 28 octobre 1973, commen\u00e7a la difficile phase des n\u00e9gociations, au cours de laquelle furent sign\u00e9s les premier et deuxi\u00e8me accords de d\u00e9sengagement, puis les n\u00e9gociations de paix, qui aboutirent aux accords de Camp David, confirmant la force diplomatique de l'\u00c9gypte sous la direction du pr\u00e9sident Sadate.<\/p>\n

Ainsi, gr\u00e2ce au sang, aux efforts et \u00e0 la d\u00e9termination de ses fils, l'\u00c9gypte a recouvr\u00e9 les terres occup\u00e9es par la guerre, la paix et la n\u00e9gociation, \u00e0 l'exception de Taba. Isra\u00ebl a retard\u00e9 son retrait, arguant que la ville se situait hors des fronti\u00e8res \u00e9gyptiennes. Cependant, l'\u00c9gypte n'est pas rest\u00e9e inactive et a pu prouver sa souverainet\u00e9. Taba a \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement restitu\u00e9e le 15 mars 1989 et le drapeau \u00e9gyptien y a \u00e9t\u00e9 hiss\u00e9 le 19 mars 1989. Ce fut un moment historique pour l'\u00c9gypte, lorsque le drapeau \u00e9gyptien flotta sur le dernier pouce de terre du Sina\u00ef.<\/p>\n

Parlez-nous de la crise de Taba et de la fa\u00e7on dont elle s'est termin\u00e9e en faveur de l'\u00c9gypte... et quelles le\u00e7ons en ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tir\u00e9es ?<\/span><\/h4>\n

La premi\u00e8re annonce du probl\u00e8me de Taba remonte \u00e0 mars 1982, un mois avant le retrait isra\u00e9lien du Sina\u00ef. Isra\u00ebl a longtemps temporis\u00e9 et tent\u00e9 d'imposer un fait accompli en construisant des infrastructures touristiques, mais l'\u00c9gypte a insist\u00e9 sur le recours \u00e0 l'arbitrage international conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l'accord de paix.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s des ann\u00e9es de d\u00e9bats et de pr\u00e9sentation de preuves, le tribunal arbitral international a rendu son verdict en septembre 1988, confirmant la souverainet\u00e9 de l'\u00c9gypte sur l'int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 de son territoire. En mars 1989, le drapeau \u00e9gyptien flottait sur le dernier pouce du Sina\u00ef, un \u00e9v\u00e9nement historique capital.<\/p>\n

\"\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\"
Taba<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La le\u00e7on la plus importante est que les droits ne se perdent jamais tant qu'il y a des personnes qui les revendiquent. L'exp\u00e9rience a \u00e9galement confirm\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de d\u00e9fendre ces droits de mani\u00e8re compr\u00e9hensible par tous, en s'appuyant sur les voies juridiques et diplomatiques, en compl\u00e9ment de la force militaire. De plus, elle a mis en lumi\u00e8re l'importance des experts et des sp\u00e9cialistes, d'une connaissance approfondie de l'adversaire et d'une gestion efficace des crises gr\u00e2ce au travail d'\u00e9quipe.<\/p>\n

Que pensez-vous du discours prononc\u00e9 aujourd'hui par le pr\u00e9sident Abdel Fattah al-Sisi \u00e0 l'occasion du 44e anniversaire de la lib\u00e9ration du Sina\u00ef ?<\/span><\/h4>\n

Le discours du pr\u00e9sident Sissi \u00e9tait d'une importance capitale car il a expos\u00e9 la strat\u00e9gie \u00e9gyptienne pour la p\u00e9riode \u00e0 venir. Le pr\u00e9sident a soulign\u00e9 que la paix est un choix strat\u00e9gique pour l'\u00c9gypte et que le pays ne souhaite pas la guerre, car celle-ci signifierait l'arr\u00eat de la construction, des investissements et du d\u00e9veloppement. L'\u00c9gypte aspire \u00e0 la paix pour favoriser son d\u00e9veloppement et dispose par ailleurs d'une arm\u00e9e forte et puissante qui garantit cette paix.<\/p>\n

Le pr\u00e9sident a \u00e9galement clairement indiqu\u00e9 que le r\u00e8glement du probl\u00e8me palestinien est la base de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de la stabilit\u00e9 \u00e0 Gaza et dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n

Il a \u00e9voqu\u00e9 l'accord de paix conclu \u00e0 Charm el-Cheikh, dont la premi\u00e8re phase a \u00e9t\u00e9 mise en \u0153uvre, et a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que l'objectif est d\u00e9sormais d'appliquer les deuxi\u00e8me et troisi\u00e8me phases, notamment le retrait d'Isra\u00ebl et le d\u00e9but de la reconstruction. Le pr\u00e9sident a \u00e9galement soulign\u00e9 que le d\u00e9placement des Palestiniens constitue une ligne rouge, expliquant que l'\u00c9gypte accueille environ 10 millions de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et assume sa responsabilit\u00e9 \u00e0 leur \u00e9gard sans les exploiter ni recevoir de compensation financi\u00e8re, contrairement \u00e0 certains autres pays.<\/p>\n

Quelle situation vous a fait pleurer de joie pendant la guerre d'Octobre et la lib\u00e9ration du Sina\u00ef ?<\/span><\/h4>\n

Il \u00e9tait 14h45, juste avant l'heure H, et avant le d\u00e9but de l'attaque pour franchir la ligne Bar-Lev. \u00c0 chaque point fortifi\u00e9 de cette ligne se trouvaient des tuyaux remplis de napalm, con\u00e7us pour enflammer l'eau et transformer les soldats qui la franchissaient en boules de feu, mais les nageurs de combat descendaient dans l'eau pour bloquer ces tuyaux, et il y en avait entre trois et quatre \u00e0 chaque point.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 un moment donn\u00e9, nous avons constat\u00e9 que le nombre de bless\u00e9s \u00e9tait sup\u00e9rieur aux pr\u00e9visions, et ce fut une v\u00e9ritable catastrophe. \u00c0 cet instant, un soldat s'est avanc\u00e9 et a propos\u00e9 de bloquer lui-m\u00eame le tuyau, sachant pertinemment qu'il allait \u00e0 sa mort, mais il ne voyait pas d'autre moyen de sauver ses camarades et de s\u00e9curiser la travers\u00e9e. Ce geste m'a profond\u00e9ment \u00e9mu, jusqu'aux larmes, et m'a aussi empli de fiert\u00e9 et de joie, car il incarnait le sens du sacrifice pour la victoire.<\/p>\n

Comment d\u00e9cririez-vous les transformations dont le Sina\u00ef a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin durant vos ann\u00e9es de service\u00a0? Et quels sont vos souvenirs les plus marquants de sa lib\u00e9ration et de ses h\u00e9ros\u00a0?<\/span><\/h4>\n

Mon service dans le Sina\u00ef a d\u00e9but\u00e9 apr\u00e8s ma sortie de l'Acad\u00e9mie militaire en 1961. \u00c0 l'\u00e9poque, ce n'\u00e9tait qu'un d\u00e9sert aride et des montagnes d\u00e9sol\u00e9es. Je prenais le train de Qantara \u00e0 Isma\u00eflia jusqu'\u00e0 El Arish, et je ne voyais que l'immensit\u00e9 vide. Mais lorsque j'ai pris le commandement d'un bataillon en 1982, la vie a peu \u00e0 peu commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 s'y animer, et aujourd'hui, nous assistons \u00e0 une transformation remarquable\u00a0: des fermes, des villes et une communaut\u00e9 pleinement int\u00e9gr\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Mes souvenirs de la lib\u00e9ration du Sina\u00ef sont inoubliables. Elle s'est d\u00e9roul\u00e9e en plusieurs \u00e9tapes, \u00e0 commencer par la guerre d'Octobre 1973, au cours de laquelle nous avons reconquis une partie de notre territoire. L'\u00e9tape suivante fut politique, aboutissant \u00e0 l'accord de paix de 1979, par lequel Isra\u00ebl s'est retir\u00e9 progressivement jusqu'\u00e0 Taba. L\u00e0, Isra\u00ebl a refus\u00e9 de se retirer, affirmant que Taba n'\u00e9tait pas un territoire \u00e9gyptien. Cela a conduit \u00e0 une bataille diplomatique plut\u00f4t que militaire, et nous avons eu recours \u00e0 l'arbitrage international, qui a confirm\u00e9 la souverainet\u00e9 de l'\u00c9gypte sur l'ensemble du Sina\u00ef. En 1989, le drapeau \u00e9gyptien flottait sur le dernier pouce du Sina\u00ef, faisant de l'\u00c9gypte le seul pays de la r\u00e9gion \u00e0 avoir enti\u00e8rement lib\u00e9r\u00e9 son territoire.<\/p>\n

C'est un grand honneur pour nous, et le soldat \u00e9gyptien demeure le plus honorable et le plus noble au monde, pr\u00eat \u00e0 sacrifier sa vie pour sa patrie. Je me souviens que nos soldats sont rest\u00e9s en \u00e9tat d'alerte constant pendant cinq mois, fusils et grenades \u00e0 la main, r\u00e9p\u00e9tant sans cesse\u00a0: \u201c\u00a0Ils ne passeront que sur nos cadavres.\u00a0\u201d C'est cet esprit combatif qui a permis la victoire et le retour du Sina\u00ef au sein de la patrie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0645\u0639 "\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632": \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627.. \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 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