{"id":3690,"date":"2026-04-18T12:08:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-18T10:08:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=3690"},"modified":"2026-04-18T12:58:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-18T10:58:53","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%82%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%83-%d9%88%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%82%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%83-%d9%88%d8%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"Tanzanie unie : six d\u00e9cennies de coh\u00e9sion et de construction nationale"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le continent Afrique<\/a> T\u00e9moin de nombreuses tentatives de consolidation et d'unit\u00e9 politiques qui se sont rapidement sold\u00e9es par un \u00e9chec, la R\u00e9publique-Unie de Tanzanie constitue aujourd'hui une rare exception historique.<\/p>\n

Depuis la fusion des \u00c9tats du Tanganyika et de Zanzibar il y a environ six d\u00e9cennies et quelques ann\u00e9es, cette entit\u00e9 a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 perdurer et \u00e0 former une identit\u00e9 nationale coh\u00e9rente, malgr\u00e9 les temp\u00eates politiques et les demandes croissantes de restructuration de cette union pour suivre le rythme des changements de l'\u00e9poque.<\/p>\n

origines historiques<\/span><\/h3>\n

Le 26 avril 1964, l'attention du monde entier se tourna vers la naissance de la R\u00e9publique-Unie de Tanzanie, suite \u00e0 la fusion de la R\u00e9publique du Tanganyika, qui avait obtenu son ind\u00e9pendance de la Grande-Bretagne en 1961, et de la R\u00e9publique populaire de Zanzibar.<\/p>\n

Cette unit\u00e9 s'incarnait dans la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre photographie historique o\u00f9 l'on voit le premier pr\u00e9sident du Tanganyika, feu Julius Nyerere, m\u00e9langer les sables des deux pays dans une sc\u00e8ne symbolique exprimant la solidarit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f
Union de Tanzanie<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Cette union n'\u00e9tait pas qu'une simple rencontre \u00e9motionnelle, mais r\u00e9sultait de circonstances g\u00e9opolitiques complexes. En pleine guerre froide, et suite au coup d'\u00c9tat de Zanzibar en janvier 1964 visant \u00e0 renverser le pouvoir arabe et \u00e0 instaurer un gouvernement majoritaire, les puissances occidentales d\u00e9crivaient Zanzibar comme le \u201c Cuba de l'Afrique \u201d.<\/p>\n

Cette appr\u00e9hension occidentale, l\u2019appr\u00e9hension de Nyerere quant aux menaces s\u00e9curitaires que l\u2019\u00eele pourrait repr\u00e9senter, en plus des liens culturels profonds entre les deux peuples, ont acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9 la r\u00e9daction des articles de l\u2019Union, qui comprenaient des domaines de coop\u00e9ration souverains, notamment les affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, la d\u00e9fense et le commerce.<\/p>\n

Une exception africaine r\u00e9siliente<\/span><\/h3>\n

Les chercheurs sp\u00e9cialistes des affaires tanzaniennes soulignent que ce qui distingue cette union, c'est sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 survivre et \u00e0 se perp\u00e9tuer, \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 d'autres exp\u00e9riences d'unit\u00e9 africaine se sont effondr\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

\"\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\"
Tanzanie<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\"
Tanzanie<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Alors que d'autres pays souffraient de profondes divisions qui ont conduit \u00e0 la s\u00e9paration de leurs territoires, comme dans le cas du Soudan et du Soudan du Sud, l'Union du Tanganyika et de Zanzibar est rest\u00e9e debout, \u00e0 c\u00e9l\u00e9brer comme un mod\u00e8le concret de la vision africaine inclusive.<\/p>\n

Samia Hassan et la direction de la phase<\/span><\/h3>\n

Avec l'entr\u00e9e en fonction de l'actuelle pr\u00e9sidente, Samia Suluhu Hassan, certaines tensions s\u00e9paratistes se sont apais\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Depuis l'entr\u00e9e en fonction du pr\u00e9sident Samia Suluhu Hassan en mars 2021, suite au d\u00e9c\u00e8s de John Magufuli, la Tanzanie a connu une transformation \u00e9conomique remarquable. Son PIB est pass\u00e9 de 69,7 milliards de dollars en 2021 \u00e0 85,42 milliards de dollars en 2023, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des r\u00e9formes qui ont notamment modernis\u00e9 l'agriculture, lib\u00e9ralis\u00e9 le commerce et facilit\u00e9 l'acc\u00e8s au financement pour les petites et moyennes entreprises.<\/p>\n

Elle a \u00e9galement accord\u00e9 une grande importance \u00e0 l'\u00e9ducation, pierre angulaire de sa vision, en lan\u00e7ant des initiatives pour \u00e9duquer les filles et en augmentant les d\u00e9penses consacr\u00e9es aux infrastructures \u00e9ducatives, avec des projets de cr\u00e9ation de 11 universit\u00e9s de sciences et de technologie pour promouvoir une \u00e9conomie fond\u00e9e sur la connaissance.<\/p>\n

Parall\u00e8lement aux r\u00e9formes \u00e9conomiques, Samia a pris des mesures politiques et diplomatiques qui ont permis \u00e0 la Tanzanie de retrouver sa place sur la sc\u00e8ne internationale. Elle a autoris\u00e9 l'opposition \u00e0 reprendre ses activit\u00e9s, lib\u00e9r\u00e9 les prisonniers politiques et g\u00e9r\u00e9 avec s\u00e9rieux la pand\u00e9mie de COVID-19 en vaccinant pr\u00e8s de 30 millions de citoyens.<\/p>\n

Le pays a \u00e9galement r\u00e9tabli ses relations diplomatiques avec plusieurs pays, ce qui a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 attirer d'importants investissements, comme le projet ferroviaire financ\u00e9 par la Banque africaine de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 hauteur de 2,7 milliards de dollars. Ces politiques ont permis \u00e0 la Tanzanie de devenir l'une des \u00e9conomies \u00e0 la croissance la plus rapide d'Afrique et ont consolid\u00e9 sa position de leader, transformant ainsi la trajectoire \u00e9conomique et politique du pays.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,217],"tags":[1173,1299,298,1300],"class_list":["post-3690","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reports","category-slider","tag-1173","tag-1299","tag-298","tag-1300"],"yoast_head":"\n\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.. \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a 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