{"id":3164,"date":"2026-04-15T11:06:03","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T09:06:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=3164"},"modified":"2026-04-15T11:19:36","modified_gmt":"2026-04-15T09:19:36","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%83-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%80-%d8%aa%d8%ba%d9%8a%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%87-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%a5%d8%b3%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b7-%d9%85%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%b1%d9%83-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%80-%d8%aa%d8%ba%d9%8a%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%87-%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%88-%d8%a5%d8%b3%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b7-%d9%85%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"Une initiative africaine pour changer la donne\u2026 Qu\u2019est-ce que la projection de Mercator qui a transform\u00e9 le visage de la plan\u00e8te\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le Togo dirige, conform\u00e9ment au mandat de l'Union africain<\/a>Il s'agit d'un mouvement diplomatique international sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent visant \u00e0 changer la fa\u00e7on dont le monde per\u00e7oit le continent africain, en exigeant l'abandon de la projection classique de Mercure et l'adoption d'une carte qui mette en \u00e9vidence la v\u00e9ritable taille du continent africain.<\/p>\n

L'Afrique est 14 fois plus grande que le Groenland.<\/span><\/h4>\n

Le monde s'est longtemps appuy\u00e9 sur la projection de Mercator, un syst\u00e8me de cartographie du XVIe si\u00e8cle con\u00e7u par Gerardus Mercator \u00e0 des fins de navigation maritime.<\/p>\n

Cependant, cette projection fait l'objet de vives critiques car elle d\u00e9forme les faits g\u00e9ographiques ; elle exag\u00e8re les zones proches des p\u00f4les comme l'Am\u00e9rique du Nord et le Groenland, tout en r\u00e9duisant la taille des continents tropicaux.<\/p>\n

\"\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637
projection de Mercator<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Selon les informations disponibles, le paradoxe choquant est que la carte actuelle repr\u00e9sente le Groenland comme ayant une superficie \u00e9gale \u00e0 celle de l'Afrique, alors qu'en r\u00e9alit\u00e9, l'Afrique couvre une superficie de 30,37 millions de kilom\u00e8tres carr\u00e9s, soit environ 14 fois plus grande que le Groenland.<\/p>\n

Les experts estiment que cette distorsion n\u2019est pas seulement une erreur technique, mais un outil qui perp\u00e9tue la \u201c marginalisation de l\u2019Afrique \u201d dans la conscience collective et les politiques internationales.<\/p>\n

Qu'est-ce que la projection de Mercator\u00a0?<\/h3>\n

La projection de Mercator est un syst\u00e8me de cartographie qui transforme la sph\u00e9ricit\u00e9 de la Terre en une surface plane. Invent\u00e9e par Gerardus Mercator en 1569 pour faciliter la navigation maritime, elle pr\u00e9sente l'avantage majeur de pr\u00e9server les angles et les directions, les lignes de boussole apparaissant comme des lignes droites. C'est ce qui en fait la norme fondamentale pour les cartes marines, les syst\u00e8mes GPS et les cartes web modernes comme Google Maps.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 l'inverse, cette projection pr\u00e9sente une distorsion importante des superficies et des distances \u00e0 mesure que l'on s'\u00e9loigne de l'\u00e9quateur vers les p\u00f4les, ce qui donne l'impression que les pays de l'h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord sont beaucoup plus grands qu'ils ne le sont en r\u00e9alit\u00e9. Par exemple, le Groenland appara\u00eet sur la carte comme ayant la m\u00eame superficie que l'Afrique, alors qu'en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 il est 14 fois plus petit, ce qui a suscit\u00e9 des critiques selon lesquelles cette projection falsifie la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 g\u00e9ographique pour favoriser les continents de l'h\u00e9misph\u00e8re nord.<\/p>\n

Initiative Togo<\/span><\/h4>\n

Dans un entretien accord\u00e9 \u00e0 Reuters, le ministre des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res du Togo, Robert Dussey, a confirm\u00e9 que son pays demanderait officiellement \u00e0 l'Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations Unies d'adopter une carte mettant en \u00e9vidence la \u201c v\u00e9ritable superficie \u201d du continent.<\/p>\n

Dossi a soulign\u00e9 que le moment est venu d\u2019adopter la \u201c v\u00e9rit\u00e9 scientifique \u201d, faisant remarquer que la taille actuellement affich\u00e9e sur les globes terrestres dans les \u00e9coles et les organisations internationales est \u201c g\u00e9ographiquement inexacte \u201d.<\/p>\n

Ces mesures s\u2019inscrivent dans le cadre de la d\u00e9cision de l\u2019Union africaine exhortant ses 55 \u00c9tats membres \u00e0 abandonner le syst\u00e8me \u201c Mercurator \u201d et \u00e0 adopter le syst\u00e8me \u201c Equal Earth \u201d pour 2018, une projection qui vise \u00e0 repr\u00e9senter les pays dans leurs proportions r\u00e9elles sans falsification.<\/p>\n

Campagne de correction de la carte<\/span><\/h3>\n

La campagne men\u00e9e par des organisations comme Africa No Filter et Speak Up for Africa ne se limite pas aux aspects techniques. Selon Muki Makura, directrice g\u00e9n\u00e9rale d'Africa No Filter, une repr\u00e9sentation fid\u00e8le permet \u201c d'agir et d'aller de l'avant \u201d et de faire en sorte que le monde per\u00e7oive le continent dans toute son ampleur et avec son impact r\u00e9el, au-del\u00e0 des discours qui le rel\u00e8guent au second plan.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Une \u00e9preuve politique dans les couloirs des Nations Unies<\/span><\/h4>\n

Le ministre Dussey a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 qu'un projet de r\u00e9solution avait \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9 et qu'il serait soumis au vote lors de la prochaine session de l'Assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Nations Unies en septembre. Il a d\u00e9crit ce vote comme un \u201c moment r\u00e9v\u00e9lateur \u201d qui montrera les v\u00e9ritables positions des pays \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard du continent africain.<\/p>\n

Cette initiative fait suite \u00e0 un r\u00e9cent succ\u00e8s africain dans l'obtention d'une r\u00e9solution de l'ONU qualifiant l'esclavage de \u201c crime le plus odieux contre l'humanit\u00e9 \u201d, une r\u00e9solution qui a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 une nette division internationale, l'Union europ\u00e9enne et la Grande-Bretagne s'\u00e9tant abstenues lors du vote, tandis que les \u00c9tats-Unis et Isra\u00ebl s'y sont oppos\u00e9s, renfor\u00e7ant ainsi l'id\u00e9e que la bataille pour \u201c rectifier la carte \u201d ne sera pas seulement technique, mais aussi politique, afin d'affirmer sa pr\u00e9sence et son \u00e9galit\u00e9 sur la sc\u00e8ne internationale.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3166,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,217],"tags":[1068,284,1071,1070,1069,73],"class_list":["post-3164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reports","category-slider","tag-1068","tag-284","tag-1071","tag-1070","tag-1069","tag-73"],"yoast_head":"\n\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0640 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647.. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u063a\u0648\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 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