{"id":2477,"date":"2026-04-11T12:58:01","date_gmt":"2026-04-11T10:58:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=2477"},"modified":"2026-04-11T14:26:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T12:26:38","slug":"%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%b3%d8%af%d9%91%d8%af%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%82-%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87%d8%a7-%d9%88%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%ae%d8%b1%d8%ac%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%b3%d8%af%d9%91%d8%af%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%82-%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87%d8%a7-%d9%88%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%ae%d8%b1%d8%ac%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment le Mozambique a-t-il rembours\u00e9 ses dettes et surmont\u00e9 sa crise \u00e9conomique ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les pays en d\u00e9veloppement sont confront\u00e9s \u00e0 de nombreuses crises, dont la plus importante est celle de la dette ; celle-ci constitue l'un des d\u00e9fis et des obstacles les plus importants au processus de d\u00e9veloppement interne des pays, en raison de son impact direct sur l'\u00e9conomie et le d\u00e9veloppement durable.<\/p>\n

Le Mozambique est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l'un des pays les plus avanc\u00e9s dans la gestion des crises de la dette, notamment au regard de ses relations avec les institutions financi\u00e8res internationales, en particulier le Fonds mon\u00e9taire international, car le Mozambique a connu une grave crise de la dette suite au scandale de la dette cach\u00e9e en 2016.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

En 2016, un scandale appel\u00e9 \u201c dettes cach\u00e9es \u201d a \u00e9clat\u00e9, dans lequel le Mozambique avait contract\u00e9 des emprunts non d\u00e9clar\u00e9s, entra\u00eenant une baisse de la confiance des investisseurs et la suspension du soutien international, notamment du Fonds mon\u00e9taire international, ce qui a eu pour cons\u00e9quence une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la situation \u00e9conomique du pays, une augmentation du d\u00e9ficit budg\u00e9taire et un ralentissement de la croissance.<\/p>\n

En raison de cette crise, le gouvernement mozambicain a adopt\u00e9 un ensemble de r\u00e9formes \u00e9conomiques et financi\u00e8res, comprenant la restructuration de la dette, le renforcement de la transparence dans la gestion des finances publiques, l'exploitation de ses ressources naturelles pour accro\u00eetre ses recettes et le r\u00e9tablissement de la coop\u00e9ration avec le Fonds mon\u00e9taire international par le biais de programmes de r\u00e9forme visant \u00e0 instaurer la stabilit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique.<\/p>\n

Comment le Mozambique a-t-il rembours\u00e9 ses dettes et comment a-t-il g\u00e9r\u00e9 la crise ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n


Le Mozambique a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 rembourser ses dettes gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une strat\u00e9gie \u00e0 plusieurs volets, qui comprenait notamment les \u00e9l\u00e9ments suivants\u00a0:<\/p>\n

1- Strat\u00e9gie de gestion de la dette 2025-2029\u00a0:<\/strong>
Un plan a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9 visant \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un cadre flexible pour \u00e9quilibrer les besoins de financement, les co\u00fbts et les risques, \u00e0 renforcer la cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 de la politique \u00e9conomique et la viabilit\u00e9 de la dette, \u00e0 parvenir \u00e0 un \u00e9quilibre entre le financement interne et externe et \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger les finances publiques des pressions croissantes r\u00e9sultant de la baisse de l'aide \u00e9trang\u00e8re et des d\u00e9ficits de recettes.<\/p>\n

2- Collaborer avec des consultants internationaux pour am\u00e9liorer la gestion de la dette\u00a0:<\/strong>
Le Mozambique a fait appel \u00e0 un cabinet de conseil international pour l'aider \u00e0 mettre en \u0153uvre une strat\u00e9gie de gestion de la dette, \u00e0 restructurer celle-ci, \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier avec les cr\u00e9anciers et \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer le profil de risque de son portefeuille de dettes.<\/p>\n

3- Restructuration partielle de la dette et remboursement anticip\u00e9 de certaines obligations\u00a0:<\/strong>
Les n\u00e9gociations avec les cr\u00e9anciers, tels que la Banque mondiale et le Fonds mon\u00e9taire international, ont notamment port\u00e9 sur le r\u00e9\u00e9chelonnement de certaines dettes, le report des paiements ou le regroupement de dettes \u00e0 court terme avec des dettes \u00e0 long terme afin de r\u00e9duire les pressions financi\u00e8res annuelles, ainsi que sur la n\u00e9gociation de nouveaux programmes de soutien financier \u00e0 de meilleures conditions.<\/p>\n

4- R\u00e9organisation des priorit\u00e9s dans le budget g\u00e9n\u00e9ral afin de d\u00e9gager les liquidit\u00e9s n\u00e9cessaires\u00a0:<\/strong>
Cela comprenait la modernisation du syst\u00e8me fiscal, la r\u00e9duction de la fraude fiscale, l'exploitation des ressources naturelles, le report de certains projets non urgents et le renforcement de la transparence et de la responsabilit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re afin de r\u00e9tablir la confiance des investisseurs et des financiers internationaux.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Les motivations du Mozambique pour rembourser ses dettes\u00a0:<\/strong><\/h3>\n


Apr\u00e8s avoir respect\u00e9 le plan \u00e9tabli par l'\u00c9tat du Mozambique, celui-ci a finalement annonc\u00e9 le remboursement int\u00e9gral de sa dette envers le Fonds mon\u00e9taire international, qui s'\u00e9levait \u00e0 environ 515,04 millions de droits de tirage sp\u00e9ciaux (DTS), soit l'\u00e9quivalent d'environ 630 millions de dollars am\u00e9ricains au taux de change en vigueur au moment du remboursement.<\/p>\n

Le Mozambique devient ainsi le seul pays, parmi plus de 80 pays d\u00e9biteurs, \u00e0 avoir int\u00e9gralement rembours\u00e9 ses obligations envers cette institution multilat\u00e9rale.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2479,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,34,217],"tags":[289,677,742,743,202],"class_list":["post-2477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reports","category-africa-business","category-slider","tag-289","tag-677","tag-742","tag-743","tag-202"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062f\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 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