{"id":2362,"date":"2026-04-10T22:45:12","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T20:45:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=2362"},"modified":"2026-04-10T22:45:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T20:45:12","slug":"%d8%af-%d8%a5%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d9%83%d8%b4%d9%81-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%af-%d8%a5%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d9%83%d8%b4%d9%81-%d8%aa%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Dr Iman El-Shaarawy r\u00e9v\u00e8le l'impact de la guerre entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et l'Iran sur l'\u00e9conomie africaine\u2026 En exclusivit\u00e9 pour \u201d\u00a0Luzum Africa\u00a0\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par Basel Abdelghani<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le Dr Iman Al-Shaarawi, directrice du Centre Masarat d'\u00e9tudes strat\u00e9giques et sp\u00e9cialiste des affaires africaines, a confirm\u00e9 que la guerre am\u00e9ricano-iranienne a d\u00e9j\u00e0 affect\u00e9 un grand nombre de pays africains, non pas en tant que partie prenante directe au conflit, mais en tant que composante du syst\u00e8me \u00e9conomique mondial hautement interconnect\u00e9, o\u00f9 aucun conflit international majeur ne peut \u00eatre isol\u00e9 de ses effets consid\u00e9rables sur les march\u00e9s \u00e9mergents, en particulier en Afrique.<\/p>\n

Al-Shaarawi a expliqu\u00e9 en exclusivit\u00e9 \u00e0 \u201c Zoom Africa News \u201d que les effets \u00e9conomiques de la guerre sont rapidement apparus sur les march\u00e9s mondiaux de l'\u00e9nergie, l'escalade des tensions militaires ayant entra\u00een\u00e9 une hausse significative des prix du p\u00e9trole et du gaz, ce qui a exerc\u00e9 une pression suppl\u00e9mentaire sur les pays africains importateurs d'\u00e9nergie, notamment \u00e0 l'est et \u00e0 l'ouest du continent.<\/p>\n

Augmentation des taux d'inflation<\/h3>\n

Elle a soulign\u00e9 que cette augmentation se r\u00e9percutait directement sur les co\u00fbts des transports, de la production et de l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, ce qui contribuait \u00e0 la hausse des taux d'inflation dans de nombreuses \u00e9conomies africaines, augmentait le co\u00fbt de la vie pour les citoyens et obligeait certains gouvernements \u00e0 revoir leurs politiques de subventions et de d\u00e9penses publiques.<\/p>\n

Al-Shaarawi a ajout\u00e9 que l'une des r\u00e9percussions les plus graves est la perturbation du commerce mondial et des cha\u00eenes d'approvisionnement, notamment en raison de l'impact sur les lignes de transport maritime et de l'augmentation du co\u00fbt de l'assurance pour les navires et les marchandises, ce qui a entra\u00een\u00e9 des retards dans l'arriv\u00e9e des produits de base et des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res sur les march\u00e9s africains, ainsi que des prix plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s pour les produits import\u00e9s, notamment les produits alimentaires, les m\u00e9dicaments et les mat\u00e9riaux de construction.<\/p>\n

Elle a soulign\u00e9 que cette perturbation a \u00e9galement affect\u00e9 directement la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 des exportations africaines, en raison de l'augmentation des co\u00fbts de transport et des fluctuations des tarifs de transport maritime international.<\/p>\n

Les march\u00e9s d'investissement sont affect\u00e9s<\/h1>\n

Dans le m\u00eame ordre d'id\u00e9es, Iman El Shaarawy a confirm\u00e9 que la guerre a instaur\u00e9 un climat de prudence sur les march\u00e9s financiers internationaux, la propension des investisseurs \u00e0 prendre des risques ayant diminu\u00e9, ce qui a affect\u00e9 les flux d'investissements directs \u00e9trangers vers le continent africain. Elle a expliqu\u00e9 que de nombreux projets de d\u00e9veloppement et d'investissement ont \u00e9t\u00e9 ralentis ou r\u00e9\u00e9valu\u00e9s face \u00e0 la forte incertitude \u00e9conomique et g\u00e9opolitique, soulignant que les march\u00e9s \u00e9mergents sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les plus touch\u00e9s dans de telles circonstances.<\/p>\n

Elle a \u00e9galement not\u00e9 que les cours des devises dans un certain nombre de pays africains ont subi des pressions suppl\u00e9mentaires en raison des turbulences des march\u00e9s mondiaux et de la hausse des factures d'importation, ce qui a entra\u00een\u00e9 un creusement du d\u00e9ficit commercial dans certaines \u00e9conomies et une pression accrue sur les r\u00e9serves de change des banques centrales africaines.<\/p>\n

secteur du tourisme<\/h2>\n

Concernant le secteur du tourisme, le directeur du Centre Masarat d'\u00e9tudes strat\u00e9giques a expliqu\u00e9 que la guerre a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 un d\u00e9clin relatif du tourisme international sur le continent, en raison des co\u00fbts \u00e9lev\u00e9s des voyages et des assurances, ainsi que de l'inqui\u00e9tude mondiale concernant la situation g\u00e9opolitique, qui a affect\u00e9 les pays qui d\u00e9pendent fortement du tourisme comme source majeure de devises, tels que les pays d'Afrique du Nord et de l'Est.<\/p>\n

augmentation du prix des billets d'avion<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elle a \u00e9galement soulign\u00e9 que les compagnies a\u00e9riennes internationales ont augment\u00e9 le prix des billets ou modifi\u00e9 les horaires de certains vols, ce qui a rench\u00e9ri le co\u00fbt des voyages vers le continent.<\/p>\n

La s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire est affect\u00e9e<\/strong><\/p>\n

Elle a ajout\u00e9 que les r\u00e9percussions de la guerre ne se limitaient pas aux seuls aspects \u00e9conomiques, mais touchaient \u00e9galement la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire. En effet, la hausse mondiale des prix des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales et des engrais affectait directement les pays africains importateurs de denr\u00e9es alimentaires, et accroissait les risques d'inflation alimentaire et de baisse du pouvoir d'achat pour les populations les plus vuln\u00e9rables. Elle a soulign\u00e9 que certains pays africains d\u00e9pendant des voies maritimes internationales, comme le canal de Suez et le d\u00e9troit de Bab el-Mandeb, \u00e9taient indirectement touch\u00e9s par les perturbations de la navigation et l'augmentation des co\u00fbts de transport, ce qui entra\u00eenait une baisse ou une fluctuation des recettes issues du transport maritime et des services logistiques.<\/p>\n

Elle a ajout\u00e9 que, compte tenu de ces r\u00e9percussions n\u00e9gatives, certains pays africains producteurs de p\u00e9trole ont temporairement b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de la hausse mondiale des prix du p\u00e9trole brut, celle-ci s'\u00e9tant traduite par une augmentation de leurs recettes d'exportation et une am\u00e9lioration relative de leur balance des paiements, ce qui leur a conf\u00e9r\u00e9 une plus grande marge de man\u0153uvre financi\u00e8re pendant la crise. Toutefois, cet avantage demeure temporaire et d\u00e9pend du maintien de la volatilit\u00e9 des march\u00e9s mondiaux.<\/p>\n

Iman El Shaarawy a conclu son discours en soulignant que la guerre am\u00e9ricano-iranienne, bien que ne se d\u00e9roulant pas sur le continent africain, a une fois de plus r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 la fragilit\u00e9 des liens entre les \u00e9conomies africaines et les fluctuations mondiales, insistant sur le fait que la situation actuelle exige des pays africains qu'ils acc\u00e9l\u00e8rent le renforcement de l'int\u00e9gration r\u00e9gionale, diversifient leurs partenaires commerciaux, misent davantage sur la production locale et \u00e9laborent des politiques \u00e9conomiques plus flexibles, capables d'absorber les chocs externes et de faire face aux crises internationales successives.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2363,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,217,30],"tags":[289,680,676,677,538,675,681,678,679],"class_list":["post-2362","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reports","category-slider","category-poltics","tag-289","tag-680","tag-676","tag-677","tag-538","tag-675","tag-681","tag-678","tag-679"],"yoast_head":"\n\u062f. \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627.. \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0640"\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645 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