{"id":2298,"date":"2026-04-10T17:43:45","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T15:43:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=2298"},"modified":"2026-04-10T17:43:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T15:43:45","slug":"%d9%85%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d9%85%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"Afrique : entre richesses naturelles et tombes d'ouvriers\u2026 La mal\u00e9diction des richesses sacrifie les travailleurs du continent africain."},"content":{"rendered":"

Lorsqu'on \u00e9voque continent<\/a> L\u2019Afrique, avec ses populations \u00e0 la peau sombre, nous vient imm\u00e9diatement \u00e0 l\u2019esprit comme le grenier du monde, riche de mines d\u2019or, de m\u00e9taux pr\u00e9cieux et de toutes ces richesses. Mais derri\u00e8re les milliards de profits des compagnies mini\u00e8res internationales en Afrique se cache une sombre r\u00e9alit\u00e9 v\u00e9cue par des millions de travailleurs qui, pour gagner leur vie, creusent leur propre tombe.<\/p>\n

trag\u00e9die de la mine de Stelfontein<\/span><\/h3>\n

L\u2019Afrique du Sud s\u2019est retrouv\u00e9e au centre de l\u2019attention mondiale d\u00e9but 2025 suite \u00e0 la trag\u00e9die de la mine de Stelfontein, au cours de laquelle des milliers de travailleurs ill\u00e9gaux, connus localement sous le nom de \u201c Zama Zama \u201d, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pi\u00e9g\u00e9s dans des mines abandonn\u00e9es dans des conditions inhumaines.<\/p>\n

Les autorit\u00e9s ont utilis\u00e9 une strat\u00e9gie de \u201c si\u00e8ge \u201d pour couper les approvisionnements vitaux en eau et en nourriture, ce qui a entra\u00een\u00e9 des dizaines de morts par famine ou maladies li\u00e9es au manque d'oxyg\u00e8ne.<\/p>\n

\"\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631
Risques miniers en Afrique<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le drame, c'est que ces travailleurs sont victimes d'extr\u00eame pauvret\u00e9 et de ch\u00f4mage, car les migrants des pays voisins sont contraints de risquer leur vie dans des puits situ\u00e9s jusqu'\u00e0 3 kilom\u00e8tres sous la surface de la terre, fuyant le spectre de la faim qui les guette.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Enfants cobalt au Congo<\/span><\/h4>\n

Il est impossible de parler d'exploitation mini\u00e8re en Afrique sans \u00e9voquer la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, qui rec\u00e8le plus de 701 000 milliards de tonnes de r\u00e9serves mondiales de cobalt. Ici, la mondialisation technologique paie un lourd tribut : l'innocence des enfants.<\/p>\n

Des rapports de terrain indiquent que pr\u00e8s de 40\u00a0000 enfants travaillent dans des mines artisanales. Ces enfants ne portent ni masques ni gants de protection, mais manipulent directement des roches satur\u00e9es de m\u00e9taux toxiques.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ces travailleurs souffrent de \u201c maladies pulmonaires graves \u201d et de malformations cong\u00e9nitales dues \u00e0 l'inhalation de poussi\u00e8res m\u00e9talliques, le tout pour un salaire d'\u00e0 peine deux dollars par jour, un contraste saisissant avec le prix des voitures \u00e9lectriques qui d\u00e9pendent de leur travail.<\/p>\n

\u00a0tombes ouvertes et toxines chimiques<\/span><\/h4>\n

Dans des pays comme le Ghana, le Mali et le Soudan, l'exploitation mini\u00e8re artisanale de l'or est une source de revenus importante, mais elle ne respecte pas les normes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 au travail les plus \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires, qui sont les suivantes\u00a0:<\/p>\n

Glissements de terrain\u00a0: Les mines manquent d\u2019infrastructures de soutien, ce qui fait des effondrements de puits un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne r\u00e9current qui co\u00fbte la vie \u00e0 des centaines de personnes chaque ann\u00e9e, comme cela s\u2019est r\u00e9cemment produit au Nig\u00e9ria et en Afrique centrale.<\/p>\n

\"\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631
Risques miniers en Afrique<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Intoxication au mercure : les travailleurs utilisent du mercure et du cyanure pour extraire l'or, substances qui se d\u00e9versent dans les rivi\u00e8res et les sols, provoquant une destruction environnementale g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e, des l\u00e9sions neurologiques et une insuffisance r\u00e9nale aigu\u00eb chez les travailleurs et les communaut\u00e9s environnantes.<\/p>\n

Conflits arm\u00e9s et exploitation des ressources<\/span><\/h4>\n

Dans les zones de conflit comme l'est du Congo, le Darfour et le Burkina Faso, l'exploitation mini\u00e8re alimente les conflits. Des groupes arm\u00e9s contr\u00f4lent les sites miniers, extorquent de l'argent aux travailleurs et transforment les mines en camps de travail forc\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Le travailleur se retrouve pris entre l'enclume de la pauvret\u00e9 et le marteau des milices qui pillent les richesses pour financer leurs conflits, entravant toute tentative de r\u00e9gulation du secteur ou de protection des droits des travailleurs.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 “\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627”\u064a\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2303,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,217],"tags":[289,640,642,641,646],"class_list":["post-2298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reports","category-slider","tag-289","tag-640","tag-642","tag-641","tag-646"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644.. \u0644\u0639\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0636\u062d\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 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