{"id":15899,"date":"2026-06-21T22:50:42","date_gmt":"2026-06-21T20:50:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=15899"},"modified":"2026-06-21T22:50:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T20:50:42","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b0-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%80-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%81%d9%88%d8%b0-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%80-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"L'influence chinoise en Afrique : les \u00e9changes en yuans contre des dollars redessinent la carte \u00e9conomique"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par : Ayman Ragab<\/strong><\/p>\n

La Chine continue de renforcer sa pr\u00e9sence \u00e9conomique et financi\u00e8re en Afrique par des mesures rapides visant \u00e0 \u00e9tendre l'utilisation de sa monnaie nationale, le yuan, dans le commerce, l'investissement et la finance.<\/p>\n

Cela survient alors que le volume des \u00e9changes commerciaux chinois libell\u00e9s en yuans a atteint environ 4\u00a0380 milliards de yuans en avril 2026, enregistrant un taux de croissance annuel de 141\u00a0030 milliards de yuans, tandis que plusieurs pays africains ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 adopter progressivement la monnaie chinoise dans leurs transactions \u00e9conomiques.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Annulation des droits de douane<\/h4>\n

Le 1er mai 2026 a marqu\u00e9 une \u00e9tape importante\u00a0: la Chine a totalement supprim\u00e9 les droits de douane sur les importations en provenance de 53 pays africains, \u00e0 l\u2019exception de l\u2019Eswatini, qui entretient des relations diplomatiques avec Ta\u00efwan.<\/p>\n

Quelques semaines plus tard, la Banque populaire de Chine annon\u00e7ait un nouveau train de mesures visant \u00e0 faciliter l\u2019utilisation internationale du yuan, dans le cadre d\u2019une strat\u00e9gie int\u00e9gr\u00e9e destin\u00e9e \u00e0 renforcer l\u2019influence financi\u00e8re de la Chine au-del\u00e0 de ses fronti\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

Maroc : Nouvelles opportunit\u00e9s commerciales et de financement<\/h4>\n

Le Maroc est l'un des principaux b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires de la d\u00e9cision chinoise, car il esp\u00e8re r\u00e9duire son d\u00e9ficit commercial avec P\u00e9kin en augmentant ses exportations, notamment de phosphates et de leurs d\u00e9riv\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Les exportations du Maroc vers la Chine se sont \u00e9lev\u00e9es \u00e0 environ 980 millions de dollars en 2023, contre des importations d\u00e9passant les 6 milliards de dollars.<\/p>\n

L\u2019expansion de l\u2019utilisation du yuan ouvre \u00e9galement de nouveaux horizons aux entreprises marocaines, en r\u00e9duisant leur d\u00e9pendance au dollar dans les transactions commerciales, et en renfor\u00e7ant l\u2019attractivit\u00e9 du Royaume pour les investissements chinois, notamment dans les secteurs de l\u2019automobile et des v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques.<\/p>\n

Kenya : De l'avocat \u00e0 la conversion de la dette<\/h4>\n

Au Kenya, les int\u00e9r\u00eats commerciaux et financiers sont manifestement li\u00e9s. Les exportations d'avocats vers la Chine ont connu une croissance remarquable, passant d'environ 20 conteneurs par semaine en 2022 \u00e0 pr\u00e8s de 200 conteneurs actuellement.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Parall\u00e8lement, les banques k\u00e9nyanes ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9mettre des lettres de cr\u00e9dit en yuans afin de r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts de conversion li\u00e9s au dollar.<\/p>\n

Le gouvernement a \u00e9galement converti un certain nombre de pr\u00eats chinois destin\u00e9s \u00e0 des projets ferroviaires, initialement libell\u00e9s en dollars, en yuans, ce qui a permis de r\u00e9duire les charges d'int\u00e9r\u00eats annuelles de plusieurs centaines de millions de dollars.<\/p>\n

Afrique du Sud et Zambie : Le yuan entre dans le syst\u00e8me financier<\/h4>\n

En Afrique du Sud, Standard Bank est devenue la premi\u00e8re banque commerciale africaine \u00e0 se connecter au syst\u00e8me de paiements transfrontaliers chinois (CIPS), permettant ainsi la r\u00e9alisation de transactions d'une valeur de centaines de millions de dollars en quelques mois.<\/p>\n

La Zambie, cependant, a franchi une \u00e9tape plus audacieuse en percevant certains imp\u00f4ts et revenus miniers des entreprises chinoises en yuans, ce qui lui offre un moyen direct de rembourser ses dettes \u00e0 la Chine sans avoir \u00e0 passer par le dollar ni \u00e0 risquer les fluctuations des taux de change.<\/p>\n

Nig\u00e9ria et Togo\u00a0: outils de diversification commerciale<\/h4>\n

Au Nig\u00e9ria, les \u00e9conomistes voient dans l'utilisation du yuan une opportunit\u00e9 de r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9pendance excessive au dollar, notamment compte tenu du volume croissant des \u00e9changes commerciaux avec la Chine. Les exportations nig\u00e9rianes ont \u00e9galement b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d'exemptions tarifaires chinoises couvrant une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de produits agricoles et industriels.<\/p>\n

Au Togo, Ecobank pilote les efforts visant \u00e0 \u00e9tablir des m\u00e9canismes de r\u00e8glement direct entre le yuan et les monnaies africaines locales, en s'appuyant sur sa pr\u00e9sence dans plus de 30 pays africains, ce qui pourrait contribuer \u00e0 acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer les paiements et \u00e0 en r\u00e9duire les co\u00fbts.<\/p>\n

Strat\u00e9gie chinoise int\u00e9gr\u00e9e<\/h4>\n

Les initiatives de la Chine ne se limitent pas au commerce, mais comprennent \u00e9galement le d\u00e9veloppement de nouveaux instruments financiers, tels que le m\u00e9canisme de pension FIMA en RMB, qui permet aux banques centrales \u00e9trang\u00e8res d\u2019obtenir des liquidit\u00e9s en monnaie chinoise en \u00e9change d\u2019actifs financiers garantis.<\/p>\n

P\u00e9kin s'efforce \u00e9galement d'\u00e9tendre l'utilisation du yuan num\u00e9rique et de renforcer l'infrastructure des paiements transfrontaliers, consolidant ainsi la position de la monnaie chinoise dans le syst\u00e8me financier international.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Le yuan est-il en concurrence avec le dollar en Afrique ?<\/h4>\n

Bien que les responsables et les banques africaines ne proposent pas le yuan comme une alternative directe au dollar, la s\u00e9rie cumulative de mesures \u2013 allant des exemptions douani\u00e8res \u00e0 la conversion de la dette et \u00e0 la connexion des syst\u00e8mes bancaires aux r\u00e9seaux de paiement chinois \u2013 indique une \u00e9volution progressive de la nature des relations \u00e9conomiques entre la Chine et l'Afrique.<\/p>\n

Bien que le dollar conserve sa position dominante, l\u2019expansion continue de l\u2019utilisation du yuan confronte le continent africain \u00e0 une nouvelle r\u00e9alit\u00e9 financi\u00e8re qui pourrait inciter les gouvernements, les banques et les entreprises \u00e0 reconsid\u00e9rer leurs strat\u00e9gies mon\u00e9taires et commerciales dans les ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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