{"id":15392,"date":"2026-06-19T23:55:34","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T21:55:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=15392"},"modified":"2026-06-19T23:55:34","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T21:55:34","slug":"la-chine-redessine-la-carte-du-commerce-et-se-rapproche-de","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%af-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d9%85%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"La Chine redessine la carte du commerce et est sur le point de briser la domination du dollar en Afrique."},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par Ziad Abdel Fattah :<\/strong><\/p>\n

La Chine s'efforce rapidement de renforcer la pr\u00e9sence de sa monnaie en Afrique, sous l'impulsion d'une forte augmentation des \u00e9changes commerciaux avec les pays du continent et de nouvelles mesures douani\u00e8res visant \u00e0 \u00e9tendre l'utilisation du yuan dans les r\u00e8glements financiers, une initiative susceptible de remodeler l'\u00e9quilibre du syst\u00e8me financier mondial.<\/p>\n

Le volume des \u00e9changes commerciaux entre la Chine et les pays africains est en augmentation (18%).<\/h2>\n
\"Le
Le yuan se d\u00e9veloppe en Afrique\u2026 La Chine redessine la carte du commerce et se rapproche de la fin de la domination du dollar.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les donn\u00e9es officielles chinoises ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que le volume des \u00e9changes commerciaux entre la Chine et les pays africains a augment\u00e9 d'environ 181 000 milliards de yuans au cours de l'ann\u00e9e \u00e9coul\u00e9e, tandis que les d\u00e9cisions de r\u00e9duire les droits de douane sur les importations en provenance de 53 pays africains, entr\u00e9es en vigueur en mai, devraient contribuer \u00e0 accro\u00eetre les flux commerciaux et \u00e0 renforcer la d\u00e9pendance au yuan dans les transactions.<\/p>\n

Ces mesures s'appuient sur les conclusions d'une \u00e9tude du Fonds mon\u00e9taire international indiquant que l'utilisation du yuan est directement li\u00e9e \u00e0 une exposition commerciale accrue \u00e0 la Chine, qui a par ailleurs annonc\u00e9 de nouvelles mesures pour \u00e9tendre la port\u00e9e mondiale de sa monnaie.<\/p>\n

Avec l'afflux de produits africains vari\u00e9s dans les ports chinois, allant des os de bovins nig\u00e9rians \u00e0 l'huile d'avocat kenyane en passant par les pommes sud-africaines, le recours aux r\u00e8glements en yuans augmente, \u00e0 la fois directement et via les monnaies locales, malgr\u00e9 le manque de donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9cises sur l'\u00e9tendue de son utilisation sur le continent.<\/p>\n

Cette \u00e9volution refl\u00e8te le d\u00e9veloppement des relations commerciales.<\/h2>\n

Les banquiers estiment que cette \u00e9volution refl\u00e8te principalement le d\u00e9veloppement des \u00e9changes commerciaux, et non n\u00e9cessairement une menace directe pour la domination du dollar am\u00e9ricain. Birju Sangrajka, PDG de Standard Chartered Bank au Kenya, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que si les transactions en yuans connaissent une croissance significative, elles restent compl\u00e9mentaires au dollar, et non un substitut.<\/p>\n

L'Afrique du Sud rejoint le syst\u00e8me de paiement chinois<\/h2>\n

Dans le m\u00eame contexte, les banques africaines ont renforc\u00e9 leurs liens avec l\u2019infrastructure financi\u00e8re chinoise, la Standard Bank d\u2019Afrique du Sud devenant la premi\u00e8re banque commerciale du continent \u00e0 rejoindre le syst\u00e8me de paiements interbancaires transfrontaliers (CIPS) de la Chine, enregistrant des transactions de 500 millions de dollars en seulement quatre mois.<\/p>\n

P\u00e9kin cherche \u00e0 consolider son influence \u00e9conomique en supprimant les barri\u00e8res commerciales et en soutenant les exportations africaines, en tirant parti de l'immensit\u00e9 de son march\u00e9 int\u00e9rieur, \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 le continent est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 des d\u00e9fis croissants dus aux politiques protectionnistes \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle mondiale.<\/p>\n

Volont\u00e9 internationale de r\u00e9duire la d\u00e9pendance au dollar<\/h2>\n

Les experts confirment que le recours accru au yuan t\u00e9moigne d'une volont\u00e9 croissante, chez certains pays, de r\u00e9duire leur d\u00e9pendance au dollar, notamment face \u00e0 la volatilit\u00e9 des taux de change et \u00e0 la hausse des co\u00fbts de financement. Dans ce contexte, les banques africaines ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9mettre des instruments de financement et des lettres de cr\u00e9dit en yuan, permettant ainsi aux entreprises de r\u00e9duire leurs co\u00fbts de conversion.<\/p>\n

De grandes institutions financi\u00e8res, telles qu'Ecobank et la Banque de Chine, d\u00e9veloppent \u00e9galement de nouveaux produits de r\u00e8glement entre le yuan et les devises africaines, une initiative qui pourrait acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la transition vers un syst\u00e8me financier plus diversifi\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Cette situation intervient alors que la Chine renforce son r\u00f4le de premier cr\u00e9ancier bilat\u00e9ral aupr\u00e8s de plusieurs pays africains, comme le Kenya et l'\u00c9thiopie, ce qui encourage le recours au yuan pour le r\u00e8glement de la dette. Le Kenya a d\u00e9j\u00e0 converti avec succ\u00e8s une partie de ses pr\u00eats de dollars en yuans, r\u00e9duisant ainsi consid\u00e9rablement ses co\u00fbts d'int\u00e9r\u00eat.<\/p>\n

En mati\u00e8re de commerce, le Kenya illustre parfaitement cette \u00e9volution, ses exportations d'avocats vers la Chine ayant consid\u00e9rablement augment\u00e9 ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, dans un contexte de pr\u00e9visions selon lesquelles le march\u00e9 chinois surpassera le march\u00e9 europ\u00e9en d'ici 2030, notamment gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'utilisation accrue du yuan dans les r\u00e8glements commerciaux.<\/p>\n

Les observateurs estiment que ces d\u00e9veloppements s'inscrivent dans une strat\u00e9gie plus large men\u00e9e par la Chine, parall\u00e8lement \u00e0 d'autres pays, visant \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper des canaux de paiement alternatifs au syst\u00e8me financier bas\u00e9 sur le dollar, ce qui pourrait ouvrir la voie \u00e0 une nouvelle phase de concurrence mon\u00e9taire mondiale.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":15393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,50,217],"tags":[6116,6117,741,6115,73,6114,6113],"class_list":["post-15392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africa-business","category-ecnmc-anls","category-slider","tag-6116","tag-6117","tag-741","tag-6115","tag-73","tag-6114","tag-6113"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 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