{"id":14457,"date":"2026-06-15T23:40:38","date_gmt":"2026-06-15T21:40:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=14457"},"modified":"2026-06-15T23:40:38","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T21:40:38","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%81%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%b7%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b4%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%8c-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%81%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%b7%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%b4%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%8c-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"Viande s\u00e9ch\u00e9e au Soudan\u00a0: un mets d\u00e9licieux qui n\u2019attend que des opportunit\u00e9s d\u2019exportation pour conqu\u00e9rir le monde."},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par : Ayman Ragab<\/strong><\/p>\n

La viande s\u00e9ch\u00e9e traditionnelle soudanaise est d\u00e9j\u00e0 populaire aupr\u00e8s des communaut\u00e9s soudanaises \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger, o\u00f9 elle est transport\u00e9e et vendue par le biais du commerce informel. Le d\u00e9fi consiste d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 transformer ce commerce informel en une industrie formelle.<\/p>\n

Au Soudan, des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations ont grandi en mangeant du sharmout, une viande de b\u0153uf s\u00e9ch\u00e9e traditionnelle pr\u00e9par\u00e9e en faisant s\u00e9cher des steaks au soleil. Bien avant l'invention du r\u00e9frig\u00e9rateur, le s\u00e9chage de la viande \u00e9tait une m\u00e9thode pratique de conservation des aliments, et au fil du temps, le sharmout est devenu bien plus qu'une simple m\u00e9thode de conservation\u00a0: il est devenu une composante essentielle de la culture culinaire soudanaise.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Aujourd'hui encore, de nombreuses familles soudanaises pr\u00e9parent de grandes quantit\u00e9s de sharmout avant le Ramadan. Si le sharmout demeure un aliment de base des repas traditionnels et des petits d\u00e9jeuners du week-end dans une grande partie du Soudan, pour les Soudanais vivant \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger, sa signification d\u00e9passe la simple valeur nutritive\u00a0; il \u00e9voque des souvenirs de chez soi, de famille et de traditions partag\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Cette petite quantit\u00e9 suffit pour plusieurs mois.<\/h4>\n

Les Soudanais de retour du Soudan emportent encore un ou deux kilos de sharmout maison dans leurs bagages. Une petite bo\u00eete en carton contenant cette viande s\u00e9ch\u00e9e peut suffire \u00e0 nourrir une famille pendant des mois. Ce produit est aussi souvent offert en cadeau aux proches r\u00e9sidant dans les pays du Golfe, en Europe, en Am\u00e9rique du Nord et en Australie. Les destinataires appr\u00e9cient particuli\u00e8rement ce cadeau car il est difficile \u00e0 trouver dans le commerce traditionnel.<\/p>\n

Cependant, le syst\u00e8me informel par lequel les produits sharmout parviennent aux communaut\u00e9s soudanaises de l'\u00e9tranger est confront\u00e9 \u00e0 des difficult\u00e9s croissantes. De nombreux pays ont durci leur r\u00e9glementation concernant l'importation de denr\u00e9es alimentaires dans les bagages personnels, et les produits artisanaux sont souvent d\u00e9pourvus d'emballage, de liste d'ingr\u00e9dients, d'informations nutritionnelles, de dates de production et de p\u00e9remption, ainsi que des certificats sanitaires officiels exig\u00e9s par la r\u00e9glementation alimentaire moderne. Avec la croissance continue des communaut\u00e9s soudanaises \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger, ces exigences deviendront probablement encore plus cruciales.<\/p>\n

Paradoxalement, ces restrictions pourraient repr\u00e9senter une opportunit\u00e9. La demande existe d\u00e9j\u00e0, mais elle est encore largement satisfaite par les r\u00e9seaux familiaux et communautaires informels. \u00c0 mesure que les restrictions sur ces circuits se renforcent, le besoin d'une production commerciale s'accro\u00eet. Au lieu d'\u00eatre transport\u00e9es dans des valises, les nouilles pourraient \u00eatre transform\u00e9es, conditionn\u00e9es, certifi\u00e9es et distribu\u00e9es professionnellement par le biais de circuits de distribution formels.<\/p>\n

La production commerciale offre des avantages qui vont bien au-del\u00e0 du simple respect de la r\u00e9glementation. Contrairement \u00e0 la viande congel\u00e9e, la viande s\u00e9ch\u00e9e ne n\u00e9cessite ni r\u00e9frig\u00e9ration constante ni une longue cha\u00eene du froid. Elle peut \u00eatre conserv\u00e9e plus longtemps, transport\u00e9e \u00e0 moindre co\u00fbt et exp\u00e9di\u00e9e avec un risque de d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration r\u00e9duit. Ces caract\u00e9ristiques sont particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9cieuses dans des pays comme le Soudan, o\u00f9 le co\u00fbt de l'\u00e9nergie est \u00e9lev\u00e9 et les infrastructures fragiles en raison de la guerre.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Le Soudan n'est pas le seul pays \u00e0 perp\u00e9tuer la tradition des viandes s\u00e9ch\u00e9es\u00a0; divers types de viandes s\u00e9ch\u00e9es et conserv\u00e9es font depuis longtemps partie int\u00e9grante de la cuisine traditionnelle du Y\u00e9men, d'Oman et de certaines r\u00e9gions d'Arabie saoudite. Les produits carn\u00e9s s\u00e9ch\u00e9s sont \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9s dans de nombreux plats populaires d'Afrique du Nord. Au-del\u00e0 du monde arabe, des produits tels que le bacon en Am\u00e9rique du Nord et le biltong en Afrique du Sud illustrent comment les techniques de conservation traditionnelles peuvent se transformer en industries commerciales florissantes.<\/p>\n

Succ\u00e8s commercial attendu<\/h4>\n

L'exp\u00e9rience d'autres pays montre que les aliments traditionnels peuvent conna\u00eetre un succ\u00e8s commercial bien au-del\u00e0 de leurs march\u00e9s d'origine. En Afrique du Sud et en Namibie, par exemple, le biltung, viande conserv\u00e9e localement, est devenu un produit commercial reconnu, et en Am\u00e9rique du Nord, le jerky, autrefois technique de conservation traditionnelle, est devenu une industrie pesant plusieurs millions de dollars. Ces exemples ne garantissent pas un succ\u00e8s similaire pour la viande s\u00e9ch\u00e9e soudanaise, mais ils d\u00e9montrent que les aliments traditionnels peuvent acqu\u00e9rir une valeur commerciale lorsqu'ils b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient d'une image de marque et d'un emballage appropri\u00e9s, ainsi que de normes de qualit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Cela ne signifie pas pour autant que la viande s\u00e9ch\u00e9e soudanaise deviendra du jour au lendemain un acteur majeur du commerce mondial de la viande\u00a0; son potentiel le plus r\u00e9aliste r\u00e9side dans les march\u00e9s de niche. Des millions de Soudanais vivant \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger connaissent ce produit et le recherchent activement. Les pays du Golfe, avec leurs importantes communaut\u00e9s soudanaises, pourraient constituer un point de d\u00e9part id\u00e9al.<\/p>\n

De l\u00e0 peuvent \u00e9merger des opportunit\u00e9s sur les march\u00e9s alimentaires halal plus vastes, o\u00f9 les consommateurs sont pr\u00eats \u00e0 payer un prix plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 pour des produits certifi\u00e9s qui allient authenticit\u00e9 culturelle et normes alimentaires fiables, ainsi que parmi les consommateurs int\u00e9ress\u00e9s par les aliments traditionnels riches en prot\u00e9ines.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9fi de le transformer en produit de consommation<\/h4>\n

Le d\u00e9fi ne r\u00e9side donc pas dans la cr\u00e9ation de la demande, car elle existe d\u00e9j\u00e0 parmi les millions de Soudanais vivant \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger qui connaissent le produit et le recherchent. Le v\u00e9ritable enjeu est de transformer ce produit alimentaire, actuellement transport\u00e9 par le biais des r\u00e9seaux familiaux et des bagages personnels, en un produit pouvant atteindre les consommateurs de mani\u00e8re l\u00e9gale et fiable par les circuits commerciaux officiels. Contrairement \u00e0 de nombreux produits d'exportation, le sharmout n'a pas besoin d'un nouveau march\u00e9\u00a0; il a besoin d'un march\u00e9 existant pour \u00eatre mieux servi.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Les industries d'exportation performantes ne reposent pas toujours sur d'immenses usines ou des strat\u00e9gies nationales ambitieuses. Elles peuvent parfois na\u00eetre de produits connus, appr\u00e9ci\u00e9s et recherch\u00e9s activement. Pour le Soudan, l'une de ces opportunit\u00e9s pourrait r\u00e9sider dans le passage quotidien des fronti\u00e8res, transport\u00e9s dans les valises des voyageurs.<\/p>\n

La question n'est plus de savoir s'il existe un march\u00e9 ou non, mais si le Soudan peut transformer une tradition informelle en une industrie formelle avant que les changements de r\u00e9gime et le manque persistant d'investissements ne fassent dispara\u00eetre cette opportunit\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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