{"id":1436,"date":"2026-04-04T18:26:33","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T16:26:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=1436"},"modified":"2026-04-04T18:26:33","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T16:26:33","slug":"%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%84%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%84%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%ad\/","title":{"rendered":"Nelson Mandela... le leader combattant"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nelson Mandela est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l&#039;un des plus grands leaders politiques de l&#039;histoire contemporaine et un symbole mondial de la lutte pour la libert\u00e9, la justice et l&#039;\u00e9galit\u00e9. Il a dirig\u00e9 l&#039;Afrique du Sud en 1994, devenant ainsi le premier pr\u00e9sident noir du pays, apr\u00e8s de longs combats politiques contre la discrimination raciale et de longues ann\u00e9es d&#039;emprisonnement \u00e0 perp\u00e9tuit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1438 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/201905120832363236.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"380\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/201905120832363236.jpg 380w, https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/201905120832363236-300x158.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Qui est Nelson Mandela ?<\/h2>\n<p>Mandela est n\u00e9 le 18 juillet 1918 dans le village de Mvezo, dans la province du Cap-Oriental en Afrique du Sud, et appartenait \u00e0 la famille royale de la tribu Thembu. Il a re\u00e7u sa premi\u00e8re \u00e9ducation dans des \u00e9coles missionnaires, avant d&#039;\u00e9tudier le droit \u00e0 l&#039;universit\u00e9 de Fort Hare, puis \u00e0 l&#039;universit\u00e9 du Witwatersrand, o\u00f9 il a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 s&#039;int\u00e9resser \u00e0 la politique et aux questions de discrimination raciale subies par la majorit\u00e9 noire du pays.<\/p>\n<p>Dans les ann\u00e9es 1940, Mandela adh\u00e8re au Congr\u00e8s national africain (ANC) et cofonde son aile jeunesse, qui joue un r\u00f4le d\u00e9terminant dans l&#039;intensification de la lutte politique contre l&#039;apartheid. Face au renforcement de l&#039;emprise des autorit\u00e9s racistes sur le mouvement anti-apartheid, Mandela contribue \u00e0 l&#039;organisation de manifestations de grande ampleur et, plus tard, \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation de la branche arm\u00e9e de l&#039;ANC au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1960, apr\u00e8s l&#039;\u00e9chec des actions de r\u00e9sistance pacifique.<\/p>\n<p>En 1962, les autorit\u00e9s sud-africaines arr\u00eat\u00e8rent Mandela et, apr\u00e8s un proc\u00e8s c\u00e9l\u00e8bre connu sous le nom de \u201c proc\u00e8s de Rivonia \u201d, il fut condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 la prison \u00e0 vie en 1964. Mandela passa 27 ans derri\u00e8re les barreaux, la plupart du temps dans la tristement c\u00e9l\u00e8bre prison de Robben Island, o\u00f9 il devint un symbole mondial de r\u00e9sistance et de r\u00e9silience, et o\u00f9 la pression internationale s&#039;intensifia sur le gouvernement de Pretoria pour qu&#039;il le lib\u00e8re et mette fin au r\u00e9gime d&#039;apartheid.<\/p>\n<p>Le 11 f\u00e9vrier 1990, Mandela fut lib\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 la suite d&#039;intenses n\u00e9gociations internationales et de fortes pressions, inaugurant ainsi une nouvelle \u00e8re o\u00f9 il mena des n\u00e9gociations historiques avec le gouvernement de la minorit\u00e9 blanche pour mettre fin \u00e0 l&#039;apartheid. Ce processus aboutit aux premi\u00e8res \u00e9lections d\u00e9mocratiques multiraciales d&#039;Afrique du Sud en 1994, remport\u00e9es par Mandela, qui devint le premier pr\u00e9sident noir du pays.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1439 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-585857170.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-585857170.jpg 800w, https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-585857170-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-585857170-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/GettyImages-585857170-390x220.jpg 390w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>La pr\u00e9sidence de Mandela en Afrique du Sud<\/h3>\n<p>Durant sa pr\u00e9sidence de l&#039;Afrique du Sud, de 1994 \u00e0 1999, Mandela s&#039;est attach\u00e9 \u00e0 parvenir \u00e0 la r\u00e9conciliation nationale et \u00e0 reconstruire le pays apr\u00e8s des d\u00e9cennies de divisions raciales. Il a \u00e9galement soutenu la cr\u00e9ation de la Commission V\u00e9rit\u00e9 et R\u00e9conciliation, dont l&#039;objectif \u00e9tait de faire face aux s\u00e9quelles des exactions pass\u00e9es et de promouvoir la justice transitionnelle. En 1993, il a re\u00e7u le prix Nobel de la paix, conjointement avec le pr\u00e9sident sud-africain F.W. de Klerk, en reconnaissance de leur r\u00f4le dans le d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement pacifique de l&#039;apartheid.<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s s&#039;\u00eatre retir\u00e9 de la vie politique, Mandela a poursuivi son \u0153uvre humanitaire, d\u00e9fendant les droits humains et luttant contre la pauvret\u00e9 et les maladies, notamment le sida en Afrique. Il est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 le 5 d\u00e9cembre 2013, \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e2ge de 95 ans, laissant derri\u00e8re lui un h\u00e9ritage humanitaire et politique consid\u00e9rable qui a fait de lui l&#039;un des symboles les plus marquants de la libert\u00e9 dans le monde. Son nom demeure synonyme de lutte pacifique et de conviction en la capacit\u00e9 des peuples \u00e0 surmonter l&#039;injustice et \u00e0 b\u00e2tir un avenir plus juste.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0628\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u061f \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a 18 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 &hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1437,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,217],"tags":[190,278,279,280,277],"class_list":["post-1436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africanews","category-slider","tag-190","tag-278","tag-279","tag-280","tag-277"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627.. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 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