{"id":14336,"date":"2026-06-15T18:05:01","date_gmt":"2026-06-15T16:05:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=14336"},"modified":"2026-06-15T18:05:01","modified_gmt":"2026-06-15T16:05:01","slug":"2-4-%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88-%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/2-4-%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88-%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d9%8f%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"La valeur des joueurs s'\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 2,4 milliards d'euros\u2026 L'Afrique produit les talents et l'Europe en r\u00e9colte les fruits."},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par : Ayman Ragab<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le probl\u00e8me n'est pas le talent africain en lui-m\u00eame, mais la cha\u00eene de valeur. Le continent forme des joueurs avec des ressources tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9es, mais la valeur est cr\u00e9\u00e9e et exploit\u00e9e ailleurs. Lorsqu'un joueur part, souvent pour moins de 200\u00a0000 euros, voire gratuitement, le club qui l'a form\u00e9 ne r\u00e9cup\u00e8re quasiment rien et d\u00e9pend enti\u00e8rement de pourcentages hypoth\u00e9tiques sur sa revente future, des ann\u00e9es plus tard, et encore, il doit avoir acquis les droits n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n

R\u00e9sultat : 971\u00a0000\u00a0\u00a3 sur la valeur des joueurs africains s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s pour la Coupe du monde, soit 2,4 milliards d\u2019euros, se trouvent hors d\u2019Afrique. On les forme, mais on ne cr\u00e9e pas de capital. Le paradoxe ne r\u00e9side pas dans le sport lui-m\u00eame, mais dans les structures.<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9migration vers l\u2019Europe est-elle consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une fuite des cerveaux\u00a0?<\/h4>\n

Il ne s'agit pas d'un simple vol\u00a0; c'est une migration absurde. Dans le monde des affaires globalis\u00e9 d'aujourd'hui, s'installer en Europe est courant, voire souhaitable. Le probl\u00e8me n'est pas la migration en elle-m\u00eame, mais le prix qu'elle co\u00fbte.<\/p>\n

Vendre un joueur \u00e9valu\u00e9 \u00e0 30 millions d'euros pour 150\u00a0000 euros repr\u00e9sente une fortune amass\u00e9e en Afrique puis transf\u00e9r\u00e9e ailleurs. L'objectif n'est donc pas de tout conserver, mais de le revendre plus tard \u00e0 un meilleur prix, en pr\u00e9servant sa valeur gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des clauses de rachat, des m\u00e9canismes de solidarit\u00e9 et en veillant \u00e0 ce qu'il passe plus de temps dans son pays d'origine avant son d\u00e9part.<\/p>\n

\"\"Pourquoi certaines acad\u00e9mies africaines r\u00e9ussissent moins bien que d'autres \u00e0 cr\u00e9er de la valeur<\/h4>\n

Les acad\u00e9mies performantes ne se contentent pas de former des joueurs\u00a0; elles d\u00e9veloppent des individus complets et cr\u00e9ent une cha\u00eene de valeur. Parmi les acad\u00e9mies de premier plan exportant des talents vers l'Europe figurent G\u00e9n\u00e9ration Foot, Diambars, l'Acad\u00e9mie Mohammed VI, Right to Dream, Paradou et GMG. \u00c0 elles seules, G\u00e9n\u00e9ration Foot et Diambars contribuent \u00e0 hauteur d'environ 301 TP3T \u00e0 la valeur de l'\u00e9quipe nationale s\u00e9n\u00e9galaise.<\/p>\n

Leur succ\u00e8s repose sur trois piliers fondamentaux. Premi\u00e8rement, la direction et le personnel qui animent ces structures\u00a0: une vision claire, une attention m\u00e9ticuleuse aux d\u00e9tails et une p\u00e9rennit\u00e9 \u00e0 long terme. Deuxi\u00e8mement, des partenariats strat\u00e9giques avec de grands clubs europ\u00e9ens, qui ouvrent un march\u00e9 clair et garantissent un mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique performant. Enfin, et c\u2019est sans doute le facteur le plus sous-estim\u00e9, l\u2019\u00e9ducation\u00a0: un internat, un soutien scolaire, des conseils nutritionnels et un accompagnement au d\u00e9veloppement personnel.<\/p>\n

Ces structures ne se contentent pas de former des footballeurs\u00a0; elles forment des individus complets. Et c\u2019est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ce qui fait toute la diff\u00e9rence, tant sur le terrain que dans la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019un joueur \u00e0 s\u2019adapter, \u00e0 s\u2019\u00e9panouir et \u00e0 accro\u00eetre sa valeur.<\/p>\n

La le\u00e7on est simple\u00a0: la formation seule ne suffit pas. Un syst\u00e8me humain, \u00e9ducatif et \u00e9conomique est n\u00e9cessaire pour transformer le talent en valeur durable.<\/p>\n

Un avantage comp\u00e9titif pour les \u00e9quipes nationales<\/h4>\n

La diaspora africaine est devenue le plus grand vivier de joueurs pour le football africain, un atout pr\u00e9cieux \u00e0 condition d'\u00eatre exploit\u00e9 efficacement. Soixante-quatre joueurs africains ayant particip\u00e9 \u00e0 la Coupe du monde \u2013 soit pr\u00e8s d'un quart de l'ensemble des joueurs africains \u2013 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9s en France, un nombre sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui de toute autre nation africaine.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ce n'est pas une perte pour les structures locales, car la plupart de ces joueurs poss\u00e8dent la double nationalit\u00e9, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9s dans des acad\u00e9mies fran\u00e7aises et ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rep\u00e9r\u00e9s, soutenus et int\u00e9gr\u00e9s par les \u00e9quipes nationales africaines. Le Maroc a su en faire un v\u00e9ritable atout strat\u00e9gique.<\/p>\n

C'est aussi une aubaine pour les centres de formation europ\u00e9ens. Un joueur qui n'aurait jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9 en \u00e9quipe de France peut devenir international africain, participer \u00e0 la Coupe d'Afrique des Nations ou \u00e0 la Coupe du Monde et voir sa valeur marchande exploser. La FIFA propose m\u00eame une compensation aux clubs qui lib\u00e8rent leurs joueurs pour la Coupe du Monde.<\/p>\n

Par cons\u00e9quent, le recours aux joueurs expatri\u00e9s n'est pas un jeu \u00e0 somme nulle. Il apporte une valeur ajout\u00e9e au joueur, \u00e0 l'\u00e9quipe nationale africaine et au club formateur. Le v\u00e9ritable d\u00e9fi consiste \u00e0 ne pas d\u00e9pendre exclusivement d'eux, tout en d\u00e9veloppant des programmes de formation locaux.<\/p>\n

Pourquoi un joueur \u00e9voluant hors d'Afrique co\u00fbte-t-il en moyenne beaucoup plus cher qu'un joueur rest\u00e9 sur le continent ?<\/p>\n

La diff\u00e9rence ne r\u00e9side pas dans le talent, mais dans la valeur marchande. Un m\u00eame joueur, \u00e9voluant dans un championnat prestigieux, est suivi de pr\u00e8s par les recruteurs, a fait ses preuves et poss\u00e8de donc une valeur technique sup\u00e9rieure.<\/p>\n

Si le niveau de comp\u00e9tence est ind\u00e9niablement un facteur important, la valeur marchande d\u00e9pend fortement d'un syst\u00e8me global incluant la couverture m\u00e9diatique, la visibilit\u00e9, les donn\u00e9es et des comp\u00e9titions standardis\u00e9es. Accro\u00eetre la visibilit\u00e9 et la documentation des ligues africaines augmentera directement la valeur des joueurs qui y \u00e9voluent encore.<\/p>\n

La valeur ne se limite pas \u00e0 l'espace lui-m\u00eame, mais concerne \u00e9galement la fa\u00e7ade du magasin.<\/p>\n

m\u00e9canismes de solidarit\u00e9 de la FIFA<\/h4>\n

Ces deux probl\u00e8mes coexistent : leur application en Afrique est inad\u00e9quate, et les normes elles-m\u00eames m\u00e9ritent d'\u00eatre reconsid\u00e9r\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

La compensation pour la formation et la contribution de solidarit\u00e9, qui repr\u00e9sentent 5% de chaque indemnit\u00e9 de transfert international allou\u00e9e aux clubs formateurs, sont des outils th\u00e9oriquement pertinents. Cependant, leur tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 demeure insuffisante et les montants restent faibles lorsque l'indemnit\u00e9 de transfert initiale est basse.<\/p>\n

Le syst\u00e8me de transferts de la FIFA constitue un pas dans la bonne direction en automatisant ces processus. Toutefois, plusieurs aspects m\u00e9ritent d'\u00eatre approfondis\u00a0: l'augmentation des indemnit\u00e9s de transfert, le versement d'un pourcentage tout au long de la carri\u00e8re d'un joueur, le classement des centres de formation, voire une contribution du club formateur aux transferts ult\u00e9rieurs.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Mais rien de tout cela n'est possible sans des donn\u00e9es fiables sur le d\u00e9veloppement des joueurs d\u00e8s leur plus jeune \u00e2ge. Le d\u00e9fi r\u00e9side \u00e0 la fois dans les aspects organisationnels et op\u00e9rationnels\u00a0: documentation, suivi, r\u00e9clamations et r\u00e9\u00e9valuation.<\/p>\n

Que faut-il changer dans le processus de d\u00e9tection des talents\u00a0?<\/h4>\n

Le football africain doit cesser de choisir les instances les plus exp\u00e9riment\u00e9es pour s\u00e9lectionner les meilleurs joueurs.<\/p>\n

Les joueurs n\u00e9s en fin d'ann\u00e9e ont moins de chances d'\u00eatre s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s \u00e0 17 ans en raison de leur d\u00e9veloppement physique plus lent, mais ils deviennent souvent les plus pr\u00e9cieux \u00e0 l'\u00e2ge adulte. Par cons\u00e9quent, les pratiques de recrutement actuelles passent \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de certains des meilleurs talents de demain.<\/p>\n

Il est n\u00e9cessaire de cr\u00e9er une base de donn\u00e9es de joueurs d\u00e8s l'\u00e2ge de 14 ou 15 ans, avec un suivi document\u00e9 de leurs performances et de leur progression. Nous devons \u00e9valuer leur potentiel et leur trajectoire, et non pas seulement leur apparence physique actuelle.<\/p>\n

Les dix pays africains participant \u00e0 la Coupe du monde 2026 peuvent-ils transformer l'\u00e9conomie du football africain\u00a0?<\/p>\n

Dix joueurs qualifi\u00e9s repr\u00e9sentent une vitrine internationale. Mais une vitrine ne devient un atout pr\u00e9cieux que si elle se transforme en quelque chose de concret.<\/p>\n

La FIFA verse des droits de participation \u00e0 chaque pays \u00e9ligible, en plus d'importantes primes. Les clubs africains re\u00e7oivent \u00e9galement une compensation pour la mise \u00e0 disposition de leurs joueurs. Quant aux joueurs \u00e9voluant encore en Afrique, leur valeur marchande augmentera automatiquement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la reconnaissance internationale qu'ils acquerront.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Mais la Coupe du monde va bien au-del\u00e0 du football. C'est aussi une plateforme \u00e9conomique et diplomatique, un espace o\u00f9 se nouent des partenariats, o\u00f9 arrivent de nouveaux sponsors et o\u00f9 \u00e9mergent de nouveaux investisseurs.<\/p>\n

Mais rien ne change automatiquement. Pour transformer ce potentiel en richesse, les clubs doivent se professionnaliser, renforcer leur gouvernance, am\u00e9liorer la valorisation des transferts et attirer des sponsors aupr\u00e8s de la jeune g\u00e9n\u00e9ration africaine, parmi les plus connect\u00e9es au monde.<\/p>\n

Sans cela, nous aurions c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9 une r\u00e9ussite sans avoir b\u00e2ti d'\u00e9conomie.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e8me de donn\u00e9es<\/h4>\n

Au XXIe si\u00e8cle, on ne peut appr\u00e9cier la valeur de ce qu'on ne mesure pas. Les donn\u00e9es d\u00e9terminent tout le reste. Sans dossiers de joueurs document\u00e9s, impossible de r\u00e9clamer une indemnisation pour la formation, d'effectuer des \u00e9valuations \u00e9quitables, de garantir l'int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des joueurs et de mener des n\u00e9gociations \u00e9quilibr\u00e9es avec les clubs europ\u00e9ens.<\/p>\n

L'Afrique a trop longtemps d\u00e9pendu de bases de donn\u00e9es con\u00e7ues ailleurs. Le continent doit d\u00e9sormais construire ses propres bases de donn\u00e9es, d'autant plus que les outils d'intelligence artificielle rendent cet objectif accessible \u00e0 toute union. (Source\u00a0: Le360).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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