{"id":13932,"date":"2026-06-13T21:07:15","date_gmt":"2026-06-13T19:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=13932"},"modified":"2026-06-13T21:07:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-13T19:07:15","slug":"%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%ac-%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%86%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%ac-%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%ab%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%86%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d9%88%d9%8a%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"Malawi : Des r\u00e9sultats d\u00e9sastreux pour le plan de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 long terme"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par : Ayman Ragab<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cinq ans apr\u00e8s le plan de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 long terme phare du Malawi, les donn\u00e9es gouvernementales montrent un \u00e9cart croissant entre les ambitions industrielles du pays et les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Le Malawi a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 871 TP3T des activit\u00e9s pr\u00e9vues dans son Plan national d\u2019industrialisation, mais seulement 401 TP3T des objectifs du plan sont en voie d\u2019\u00eatre atteints.<\/p>\n

Cette lacune, d\u00e9sormais officiellement document\u00e9e, d\u00e9finit l'\u00e9chec fondamental de la politique industrielle.<\/p>\n

L'un des pays les plus pauvres<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le Malawi est l'un des pays les plus pauvres du monde, une conclusion tir\u00e9e de la D\u00e9claration de politique \u00e9conomique et fiscale 2026, un document gouvernemental qui examine les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans le cadre du Plan national de d\u00e9veloppement du Malawi 2063 (MW2063) lanc\u00e9 en 2021.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

La distinction entre l'accomplissement des activit\u00e9s et l'obtention des r\u00e9sultats a longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 floue dans la correspondance officielle. La d\u00e9claration de 2026 clarifie cette distinction.<\/p>\n

Le projet MW2063 identifie le secteur manufacturier comme l\u2019un des trois piliers transformateurs de la strat\u00e9gie de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 long terme du Malawi, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de l\u2019agriculture et de l\u2019urbanisation.<\/p>\n

\u00e9conomie productive<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ces efforts conjugu\u00e9s visent \u00e0 propulser le pays vers le statut d'\u00e9conomie productive \u00e0 revenu interm\u00e9diaire d'ici 2063.<\/p>\n

Une \u00e9valuation continentale distincte publi\u00e9e en 2025 confirme cette pr\u00e9occupation. L\u2019Indice de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique r\u00e9el, publi\u00e9 par le Conseil des entreprises pour l\u2019Afrique, a \u00e9valu\u00e9 les 54 \u00e9conomies africaines en fonction de leur pr\u00e9paration structurelle \u00e0 une industrialisation \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Elle mesurait des facteurs tels que les infrastructures, l'approvisionnement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, la r\u00e9silience \u00e9conomique, le potentiel de croissance et les obstacles institutionnels tels que la corruption et l'instabilit\u00e9 politique.<\/p>\n

Le Malawi figurait parmi les pays les moins pr\u00e9par\u00e9s du continent. Seules quatre \u00e9conomies \u2013 le Maroc, l\u2019\u00c9gypte, l\u2019Afrique du Sud et Maurice \u2013 \u00e9taient consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme structurellement pr\u00eates pour un d\u00e9collage industriel.<\/p>\n

L'indice conclut que le Malawi continue de souffrir d'une faible capacit\u00e9 industrielle, de p\u00e9nuries \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques persistantes, d'infrastructures limit\u00e9es et de politiques incoh\u00e9rentes.<\/p>\n

faiblesse capacit\u00e9<\/strong> Comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 des produits locaux<\/h4>\n

Le taux d'utilisation des capacit\u00e9s de production reste inf\u00e9rieur aux niveaux optimaux en raison des coupures de courant, des p\u00e9nuries de devises \u00e9trang\u00e8res et des goulets d'\u00e9tranglement logistiques.<\/p>\n

Ces restrictions r\u00e9duisent la productivit\u00e9 et affaiblissent la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 des produits nationaux face aux importations. L'absence d'une politique industrielle efficace constitue une faiblesse structurelle majeure.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

En mai 2023, une r\u00e9union de v\u00e9rification s'est tenue \u00e0 Lilongwe, avec le soutien de la Commission \u00e9conomique des Nations Unies pour l'Afrique, dans le but d'\u00e9laborer une nouvelle politique industrielle nationale pour remplacer le cadre expir\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":13936,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,48,34,217],"tags":[5506,1601,5508,5507,5509],"class_list":["post-13932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africanews","category-reports","category-africa-business","category-slider","tag-5506","tag-1601","tag-5508","tag-5507","tag-5509"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a.. \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 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