{"id":12981,"date":"2026-06-08T20:29:09","date_gmt":"2026-06-08T18:29:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=12981"},"modified":"2026-06-08T20:29:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-08T18:29:09","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%ba%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%b1%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%ba%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%b1%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%86%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019immigration dans le football\u00a0: comment les doubles nationalit\u00e9s ont-elles modifi\u00e9 le paysage comp\u00e9titif de la Coupe du monde\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par Ziad Abdel Fattah :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Arriv\u00e9e \u00c9quipe nationale du Maroc<\/a> Atteindre les demi-finales de la Coupe du monde 2022 n'est pas seulement un exploit sportif historique, mais aussi un moment charni\u00e8re qui a relanc\u00e9 le d\u00e9bat sur le r\u00f4le de l'immigration dans la formation des \u00e9quipes nationales.<\/p>\n

Avant le d\u00e9but du tournoi, les \u201c Lions de l'Atlas \u201d ne figuraient pas parmi les favoris, l'\u00e9quipe \u00e9tant class\u00e9e 22e mondiale et n'ayant jamais d\u00e9pass\u00e9 les huiti\u00e8mes de finale. Cependant, elle a surpris le monde entier en \u00e9liminant des \u00e9quipes majeures telles que la Belgique, l'Espagne et le Portugal, devenant ainsi la premi\u00e8re \u00e9quipe africaine \u00e0 atteindre les demi-finales.<\/p>\n

Quatorze des vingt-six joueurs de l'\u00e9quipe nationale marocaine sont n\u00e9s \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger.<\/h2>\n
\"Comment
Comment les doubles nationalit\u00e9s ont-elles modifi\u00e9 le paysage comp\u00e9titif de la Coupe du monde\u00a0?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Derri\u00e8re cette performance, un facteur remarquable est apparu : 14 des 26 joueurs de l'\u00e9quipe du Maroc \u00e9taient n\u00e9s \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger, soit le pourcentage le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 parmi les \u00e9quipes du tournoi, soulignant l'impact des joueurs de la diaspora dans le football moderne.<\/p>\n

Cette tendance ne se limite pas au Maroc, mais s'accentue \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle mondiale. \u00c0 l'approche de la Coupe du monde 2026, on estime qu'environ un quart des joueurs participants sont n\u00e9s dans un pays autre que celui qu'ils repr\u00e9sentent, un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne in\u00e9dit qui t\u00e9moigne de profonds bouleversements dans la structure du football international.<\/p>\n

Dans certaines \u00e9quipes nationales, ces pourcentages d\u00e9passent largement cette moyenne, comme par exemple l'\u00e9quipe nationale de Cura\u00e7ao qui repose presque enti\u00e8rement sur des joueurs n\u00e9s \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger, tandis que des \u00e9quipes nationales telles que la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo et le Maroc comptent des pourcentages \u00e9lev\u00e9s de joueurs issus de la diaspora.<\/p>\n

Historiquement, ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne n'\u00e9tait pas nouveau, mais il s'est structur\u00e9 depuis que la FIFA a \u00e9tabli des r\u00e8gles claires concernant l'\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 repr\u00e9senter les \u00e9quipes nationales en 1962. Aujourd'hui, les joueurs b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient de r\u00e8gles qui leur permettent de repr\u00e9senter des pays li\u00e9s \u00e0 leurs racines familiales ou \u00e0 leur lieu de r\u00e9sidence.<\/p>\n

De nombreux exemples se distinguent, comme celui d'Ivan Rakitic, n\u00e9 en Suisse mais qui a choisi de repr\u00e9senter la Croatie par sentiment d'appartenance, et celui de Pepe, n\u00e9 au Br\u00e9sil et devenu un pilier de l'\u00e9quipe nationale portugaise apr\u00e8s avoir obtenu la nationalit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

L\u2019impact ne se limite pas aux joueurs n\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger, mais s\u2019\u00e9tend \u00e0 la deuxi\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d\u2019immigrants, comme l\u2019a clairement d\u00e9montr\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9quipe nationale fran\u00e7aise qui a remport\u00e9 la Coupe du monde 2018 et qui comptait un grand nombre de joueurs d\u2019origine africaine.<\/p>\n

Ces formations refl\u00e8tent une histoire plus profonde de migrations et de liens coloniaux, comme en France, ou l'impact des conflits et des migrations forc\u00e9es, comme en Suisse avec des joueurs d'origine yougoslave.<\/p>\n

En Angleterre, l'\u00e9quipe de 2026 refl\u00e8te la diversit\u00e9 de la communaut\u00e9, avec un grand nombre de joueurs issus de l'immigration, tandis que des joueurs n\u00e9s en Angleterre repr\u00e9sentent d'autres \u00e9quipes nationales \u00e0 travers le monde.<\/p>\n

Mais la question la plus importante est : cette diversit\u00e9 a-t-elle une incidence sur les performances sur le terrain ?<\/p>\n

Des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9centes sugg\u00e8rent une corr\u00e9lation positive. Les recherches ont montr\u00e9 que les \u00e9quipes nationales comptant des joueurs issus de l'immigration ont tendance \u00e0 obtenir de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats, chaque joueur \u00e9tranger suppl\u00e9mentaire \u00e9tant associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une l\u00e9g\u00e8re augmentation du nombre de matchs disput\u00e9s par l'\u00e9quipe dans le tournoi.<\/p>\n

D'autres \u00e9tudes ont \u00e9galement montr\u00e9 que la diversit\u00e9 au sein d'une \u00e9quipe am\u00e9liore les performances offensives et d\u00e9fensives, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la vari\u00e9t\u00e9 des comp\u00e9tences et des parcours, ce qui se refl\u00e8te de mani\u00e8re significative dans la diff\u00e9rence de buts.<\/p>\n

Les analystes estiment que la migration a deux effets principaux\u00a0: \u00e9largir le vivier de joueurs disponibles pour les \u00e9quipes nationales et b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9coles de football, ce qui cr\u00e9e un m\u00e9lange technique et physique plus int\u00e9gr\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Cependant, ce facteur ne suffit pas \u00e0 expliquer le succ\u00e8s de l'Argentine. Celle-ci a remport\u00e9 la Coupe du monde 2022 sans s'appuyer sur des joueurs n\u00e9s \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 d'autres atouts tels que la qualit\u00e9 de ses joueurs, sa stabilit\u00e9 technique et la pr\u00e9sence d'une star comme Lionel Messi.<\/p>\n

En d\u00e9finitive, la migration n'est peut-\u00eatre pas le seul facteur d\u00e9terminant, mais elle est sans aucun doute devenue l'un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments les plus importants qui fa\u00e7onnent le rapport de force dans le football moderne. Les \u00e9quipes nationales s'appuyant de plus en plus sur les joueurs issus de la diaspora, le paysage comp\u00e9titif de la Coupe du monde ne semble plus se limiter aux fronti\u00e8res nationales, mais s'\u00e9tend d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 travers les continents.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":12984,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,42,217],"tags":[5124,73,385,2149,5125],"class_list":["post-12981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-africanews","category-sports","category-slider","tag-5124","tag-73","tag-385","tag-2149","tag-5125"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629.. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u061f - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 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