{"id":10899,"date":"2026-05-28T17:00:01","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T15:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/?p=10899"},"modified":"2026-05-28T17:00:01","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T15:00:01","slug":"%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%a3%d9%86%d9%87%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zoomafricanews.com\/fr\/%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%a3%d9%86%d9%87%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5\/","title":{"rendered":"De la famine aux c\u00e9l\u00e9brations : comment les \u00c9thiopiens ont-ils mis fin au r\u00e8gne le plus terrifiant du Derg de l'histoire du pays ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c9crit par : Mohammed Omran<\/strong><\/p>\n

Chaque ann\u00e9e, le 28 mai, ils c\u00e9l\u00e8brent Ethiopie<\/a> \u00c0 l\u2019occasion de l\u2019anniversaire de la chute du r\u00e9gime militaire du Derg, l\u2019un des r\u00e9gimes les plus sanglants de l\u2019histoire du pays, qui a gouvern\u00e9 l\u2019\u00c9thiopie d\u2019une main de fer entre 1974 et 1991.<\/p>\n

Comment est-ce c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9 ?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Le gouvernement organise des c\u00e9l\u00e9brations et des discours officiels pour comm\u00e9morer la chute du r\u00e9gime du Derg, les rues sont d\u00e9cor\u00e9es de drapeaux nationaux et les \u00c9thiopiens r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent au chemin parcouru par le pays vers la d\u00e9mocratie.<\/p>\n

L'\u00c9thiopie c\u00e9l\u00e8bre l'anniversaire de la chute du sanglant r\u00e9gime militaire du Derg<\/h3>\n

Les \u00c9thiopiens reconnaissent leurs progr\u00e8s politiques tout en se souvenant des luttes pass\u00e9es ; beaucoup assistent aux c\u00e9l\u00e9brations organis\u00e9es par le gouvernement, tandis que d'autres profitent de cette journ\u00e9e pour une r\u00e9flexion politique et des discussions sur la d\u00e9mocratie.<\/p>\n

.\"\"<\/p>\n

Au programme : projections de documentaires historiques, expositions d'art et d\u00e9bats publics sur les progr\u00e8s accomplis par l'\u00c9thiopie.<\/p>\n

Il accueille des activit\u00e9s, des discours publics, des d\u00e9fil\u00e9s militaires, des spectacles culturels et des d\u00e9bats.<\/p>\n

La chute du r\u00e9gime du Derg est c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9e le 28 mai en \u00c9thiopie, jour f\u00e9ri\u00e9 national. Cette f\u00eate comm\u00e9more la fin du r\u00e9gime du Derg en 1991.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Date de la chute du r\u00e9gime du Derg<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

L'\u00c9thiopie \u00e9tait sous le r\u00e8gne de l'empereur Ha\u00efl\u00e9 S\u00e9lassi\u00e9 depuis 1930. La crise p\u00e9troli\u00e8re de 1973 a entra\u00een\u00e9 des gr\u00e8ves et une famine en \u00c9thiopie, et l'opinion publique s'est retourn\u00e9e contre l'empereur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Le 12 septembre 1974, Ha\u00efl\u00e9 S\u00e9lassi\u00e9 fut renvers\u00e9 par un coup d'\u00c9tat militaire men\u00e9 par le Derg (qui signifie \u201c comit\u00e9 \u201d en amharique), une dictature militaire soutenue par l'Union sovi\u00e9tique et dirig\u00e9e par Mengistu Ha\u00efl\u00e9 Mariam. Le pays fut rebaptis\u00e9 R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique populaire d'\u00c9thiopie et la monarchie abolie en mars 1975.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Derg est l'abr\u00e9viation de \u201c\u00a0Comit\u00e9 de coordination des forces arm\u00e9es, de la police et de l'arm\u00e9e r\u00e9gionale\u00a0\u201d. Ce comit\u00e9 fut cr\u00e9\u00e9 pour lutter contre la corruption au sein de l'arm\u00e9e, et l'empereur approuva son action, ignorant alors que cela lui vaudrait bient\u00f4t son propre emprisonnement.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Le r\u00e9gime du Derg fut marqu\u00e9 par la guerre civile \u00e9thiopienne, qui se poursuivit durant son r\u00e8gne et fit au moins 1,4 million de morts.<\/p>\n

Le r\u00e9gime \u00e9tait \u00e9galement au pouvoir dans le pays au milieu des ann\u00e9es 1980, lorsqu'une famine catastrophique a ravag\u00e9 le pays, attirant l'attention de la communaut\u00e9 internationale.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00c0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1980, les forces d'opposition rebelles se sont mieux organis\u00e9es sous l'\u00e9gide du Front d\u00e9mocratique r\u00e9volutionnaire du peuple \u00e9thiopien, et le changement de direction en Union sovi\u00e9tique signifiait que le r\u00e9gime du Derg ne recevrait aucun soutien financier ou militaire d'aucun pays du bloc sovi\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

En mai 1991, apr\u00e8s avoir r\u00e9alis\u00e9 d'importants gains territoriaux dans le pays, les forces du Front d\u00e9mocratique r\u00e9volutionnaire du peuple \u00e9thiopien ont avanc\u00e9 vers Addis-Abeba et, sans aucune intervention de l'Union sovi\u00e9tique, Mengistu a fui le pays pour le Zimbabwe le 21 mai 1991, mettant ainsi fin au r\u00e9gime du Derg.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Contrairement \u00e0 la plupart des pays africains, l'\u00c9thiopie ne c\u00e9l\u00e8bre pas son ind\u00e9pendance car elle n'a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 une colonie. C'est pourquoi le jour de la chute du r\u00e9gime du Derg a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9 jour f\u00e9ri\u00e9 national.<\/p>\n

Pour comm\u00e9morer cette journ\u00e9e, des discours ont \u00e9t\u00e9 prononc\u00e9s en hommage \u00e0 ceux qui sont morts pendant la guerre civile en combattant pour renverser le r\u00e9gime du Derg.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0643\u062a\u0628: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 28 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0644 \u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1974 \u06481991. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u061f   \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u063a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":10909,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,217],"tags":[1193,4252,4253,4256,4255,73,4254],"class_list":["post-10899","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reports","category-slider","tag-1193","tag-4252","tag-4253","tag-4256","tag-4255","tag-73","tag-4254"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 "\u062f\u064a\u0631\u063a" \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u061f - Zoom Africa News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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